Wang Jiguang, Wang Li, Li Jiaqiang, Li Jianwei, Xu Feng, Han Fei, He Jianliang, Chen Qiuling, Chen Xudong
CATARC Automotive Test Center(Kunming) Co., Ltd., Kunming, China.
China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co., LTD, Tianjin, China.
PLoS One. 2025 Mar 19;20(3):e0318298. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0318298. eCollection 2025.
This study aimed to investigate the impact of altitude, cold start, ambient temperatures, and driving behaviors on the Real Driving Emissions (RDE) of China VI standard light-duty gasoline vehicles. Tests were conducted on actual roads and in vehicle emission environment simulation laboratories at altitudes of 700 m, 1,300 m, 1,900 m, and 2,400 m in Yunnan. The results showed that: (1) as altitude increased, the CO emission factor exhibited a positive correlation trend, peaking at 2400 m with a 2.56-fold increase compared to 700 m. The NOX emission factor displayed an "N" distribution, with aggressive driving at 1900 m yielding 1.89 times higher emissions than normal driving and 3.02 times higher than low-temperature driving; (2) under low-temperature rotating wheel conditions, PN emission factors were 7.55 times higher than normal driving and 71.71 times higher than aggressive driving, indicating that driving behavior significantly influenced NOX emissions, while low-temperature environments had a greater impact on PN emissions; (3) compared to non-cold-start conditions, the cold-start phase increased urban CO, NOX, and PN emission factors by 4.72% to 225.00%, 0.19% to 15.38%, and 6.45% to 430.36%, respectively, with total emission factors increasing by 0.07% to 0.55%, 0.00% to 6.00%, and 1.03% to 242.64%.
本研究旨在调查海拔、冷启动、环境温度和驾驶行为对中国第六阶段标准轻型汽油车实际行驶排放（RDE）的影响。试验在云南海拔700米、1300米、1900米和2400米的实际道路及车辆排放环境模拟实验室中进行。结果表明：（1）随着海拔升高，一氧化碳排放因子呈正相关趋势，在2400米达到峰值，相较于700米增加了2.56倍。氮氧化物排放因子呈“N”形分布，在1900米激进驾驶时的排放量比正常驾驶高1.89倍，比低温驾驶高3.02倍；（2）在低温转鼓条件下，颗粒物数量（PN）排放因子比正常驾驶高7.55倍，比激进驾驶高71.71倍，表明驾驶行为对氮氧化物排放影响显著，而低温环境对颗粒物数量排放影响更大；（3）与非冷启动条件相比，冷启动阶段城市一氧化碳、氮氧化物和颗粒物数量排放因子分别增加了4.72%至225.00%、0.19%至15.38%和6.45%至430.36%，总排放因子分别增加了0.07%至0.55%、0.00%至6.00%和1.03%至242.64%。
