Wu Jilin, Guo Derong, Zuo Jinyou, Yang Jing, Liu Shuiliang
School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Jishou University, Zhangjiajie, 427000, Hunan, China.
Rural Planning and Development Research Center of Wuling Mountain Area, Zhangjiajie, 427000, Hunan, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 19;15(1):9493. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-94186-9.
Rural tourism and COVID-19 have brought significant impacts and lasting challenges to the resilience development of rural territorial systems. To improve the livelihoods of farmers and promote the sustainable development of tourism village systems, it is of great significance to clarify the characteristics of, and obstacle factors to, the evolution of these systems. Based on the concept of production-living-ecology, resilience theory, and sustainable livelihood theory, a resilience assessment framework for tourism villages is constructed from the perspective of farmers in the following three dimensions: production resilience, living resilience and ecological resilience. Moreover, the comprehensive index method and an obstacle degree model are utilized to quantitatively measure and identify the resilience characteristics and obstacle factors of the tourism villages in Xiangxi Prefecture, China. The results reveal the following. (1) The three periods of the evolution of the resilience of tourism villages in Xiangxi Prefecture included the undeveloped tourism period, the normalized tourism period, and the COVID-19 disturbance period. Throughout these periods, tourism village resilience was characterized by a steady increase followed by a small decline, overall demonstrating a fluctuating upward trend. Rural tourism has had a positive effect on the long-term development of the rural territorial system, whereas the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative effect. (2) The tourism village resilience of farmers perspective with different livelihood types exhibits obvious heterogeneity; the tourism village resilience of tourism-led farmers is the highest, followed by that of part-time balanced farmers. Thus, these livelihood types are the main direction for the development and transformation of farmers with other livelihood types. (3) The obstacle factors to the evolution of the resilience of tourism villages in Xiangxi Prefecture exhibit a converging trend. In the three periods, the common obstacles to the evolution and development of tourism village resilience included the number of people participating in rural tourism, the tourism business area, and the area of farmland returned to forests.
乡村旅游和新冠疫情给乡村地域系统的韧性发展带来了重大影响和持久挑战。为改善农民生计、促进旅游村落系统的可持续发展，厘清这些系统演变的特征和障碍因素具有重要意义。基于生产-生活-生态理念、韧性理论和可持续生计理论，从农民视角构建了旅游村落韧性评估框架，涵盖生产韧性、生活韧性和生态韧性三个维度。此外，运用综合指数法和障碍度模型，对中国湘西州旅游村落的韧性特征和障碍因素进行定量测度与识别。结果表明：（1）湘西州旅游村落韧性演变历经未开发旅游期、常态化旅游期和新冠疫情扰动期三个阶段。在这三个阶段中，旅游村落韧性呈现出先稳步上升后略有下降的态势，总体呈波动上升趋势。乡村旅游对乡村地域系统的长期发展具有积极作用，而新冠疫情则产生了负面影响。（2）不同生计类型农民视角下的旅游村落韧性存在明显异质性；以旅游为主的农民的旅游村落韧性最高，其次是兼业平衡型农民。因此，这些生计类型是其他生计类型农民发展转型的主要方向。（3）湘西州旅游村落韧性演变的障碍因素呈现出趋同趋势。在这三个阶段中，旅游村落韧性演变发展的共同障碍包括参与乡村旅游的人数、旅游经营面积和退耕还林面积。
