Erdil Ulas, Khenkin Mark, Remec Marko, Emery Quiterie, Sudhakar Vediappan, Schlatmann Rutger, Abate Antonio, Katz Eugene A, Ulbrich Carolin
Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany.
Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
ACS Energy Lett. 2025 Mar 5;10(3):1529-1537. doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.5c00376. eCollection 2025 Mar 14.
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are expected to transform the photovoltaic market; however, their unproven operational stability requires urgent attention, particularly accelerated aging tests. Currently, illumination is the primary stressor in such tests. In this work, we present an accelerated aging procedure consisting of prolonged forward biasing followed by a dark storage (postbias rest) phase, conducted entirely in the dark. During aging under forward bias, ion migration led to impeded charge transport, macroscopic defect growth, and an adverse response of the cells to short light soaking, all of which recovered in the postbias rest phase, yet resulted in increased recombination due to redistribution of ions. We found that outdoor operation of PSCs in Berlin, Germany, over a 20-month period exhibited similar dynamics, with periods of higher temperature and irradiance (spring-summer) aligning with the forward bias phase and cooler, dimmer periods (fall-winter) aligning with the postbias rest phase. This paves the way for accelerated aging tests that can mimic ion migration-induced degradation outdoors without requiring an illumination source.
钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSCs）有望改变光伏市场；然而，其未经证实的运行稳定性需要迫切关注，尤其是加速老化测试。目前，光照是此类测试中的主要应力源。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种加速老化程序，该程序包括长时间正向偏置，随后是完全在黑暗中进行的暗存储（偏置后静置）阶段。在正向偏置老化期间，离子迁移导致电荷传输受阻、宏观缺陷生长以及电池对短时间光浸泡的不良反应，所有这些在偏置后静置阶段都得到恢复，但由于离子重新分布导致复合增加。我们发现，德国柏林的PSCs在20个月的户外运行中表现出类似的动态，较高温度和辐照度的时期（春夏）与正向偏置阶段一致，较凉爽、较暗的时期（秋冬）与偏置后静置阶段一致。这为加速老化测试铺平了道路，这种测试可以在户外模拟离子迁移引起的降解，而无需照明源。
