Alnoor Sarah Abualgasim Musa, Elhag Omer Elgaili Yousif, Ali Najlaa Mohammed Abass, Yousif Yousif Omer Elgaili, Mohamed Asmaa Abdelmaged Eltaieb, Saad Awab Hashim Sulieman, Mohamed Amro Abdalmageed Altayeb
Respiratory Medicine Department, Sudan Medical Specialization Board, Khartoum, Sudan.
Respiratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alneelain University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2024 Dec 19;87(2):477-486. doi: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000002884. eCollection 2025 Feb.
Respiratory diseases are pathological conditions affecting the organs and tissues involved in gas exchange. Pulmonary function tests allow for the classification of the severity of respiratory diseases, their follow-up, and treatment response assessment. The aim was to determine the prevalence of chronic respiratory disease and the risk factors in Khartoum, Sudan.
A descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted in the Respiratory Department from May to October 2021, including the patients who underwent pulmonary function tests. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 25.0.
Out of the 396 study participants, 214 (54%) were above 40 years of age with similar gender distribution and a male-to-female ratio of 1.1: 1, and almost all were Sudanese. Clinically, 40.4% had normal body mass index (BMI), 24.2% underweight, and 13.6% were obese. Smokers represented 19.4% of the study participants. Moreover, 18.2% reported a positive history of bronchial asthma. Regarding pulmonary function test patterns, 50.8% exhibited normal results, 25.3% displayed restrictive patterns, 19.7% showed obstructive patterns, and 4.3% had mixed patterns. Chi-square cross-tabulation testing revealed a significant association between older ages of participants and the abnormal pulmonary function test results ( < 0.001).
The study revealed that the proportion of respiratory diseases with abnormal lung function test results is considerable and should not be ignored, especially among older patients. Therefore, when indicated, attention should be paid to performing lung function tests widely to accurately identify the prevalence rates of lung diseases and associated risk factors in Sudan.
呼吸系统疾病是影响参与气体交换的器官和组织的病理状况。肺功能测试有助于对呼吸系统疾病的严重程度进行分类、跟踪病情以及评估治疗反应。目的是确定苏丹喀土穆慢性呼吸系统疾病的患病率及其危险因素。
2021年5月至10月在呼吸科进行了一项基于医院的描述性横断面研究，纳入接受肺功能测试的患者。使用社会科学统计软件包25.0版进行数据分析。
在396名研究参与者中，214名（54%）年龄在40岁以上，性别分布相似，男女比例为1.1:1，几乎全是苏丹人。临床上，40.4%的人体重指数（BMI）正常，24.2%体重过轻，13.6%肥胖。吸烟者占研究参与者的19.4%。此外，18.2%的人报告有支气管哮喘阳性病史。关于肺功能测试模式，50.8%结果正常，25.3%表现为限制性模式，19.7%为阻塞性模式，4.3%为混合性模式。卡方交叉表检验显示参与者年龄较大与肺功能测试结果异常之间存在显著关联（<0.001）。
该研究表明肺功能测试结果异常的呼吸系统疾病比例相当大，不容忽视，尤其是在老年患者中。因此，在有指征时，应广泛关注进行肺功能测试，以准确确定苏丹肺部疾病的患病率及其相关危险因素。
