The dynamic role of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) in monitoring coagulation dysfunction during COVID-19 progression: a review.

COVID-19, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has led to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, with severe complications often involving coagulation dysfunction and thromboembolic events. Identifying reliable biomarkers for early detection and monitoring of these complications is crucial for improving patient outcomes. The soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) has emerged as a potential biomarker in this context, given its role in inflammation and immune response. Elevated suPAR levels correlate with disease severity and inflammatory markers, making it a valuable indicator of the complex interplay between inflammation and coagulation observed in COVID-19. Elevated suPAR levels have been linked to an increased risk of thromboembolic events, such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Combining suPAR measurement with other coagulation markers, such as D-dimer, enhances the predictive accuracy for thrombotic complications. Furthermore, higher suPAR levels are associated with increased disease severity, intensive care requirements, and higher mortality rates, underscoring its significance in risk stratification and therapeutic decision-making. The integration of suPAR measurement into routine clinical practice for COVID-19 could significantly aid in early diagnosis, risk assessment, and monitoring of therapeutic interventions. By providing insights into the patient's inflammatory and coagulation status, suPAR can guide the timely initiation of anticoagulant therapy and other treatments aimed at reducing thromboembolic complications. As research continues to validate suPAR's utility across diverse populations and clinical settings, it holds promise for becoming an integral component of clinical management strategies to mitigate the morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19.