Guan Anqi, Alibrandi Lisa, Verma Elika, Sareen Niketa, Guan Qingdong, Lionetti Vincenzo, Dhingra Sanjiv
Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R2H 2A6, Canada.
TrancriLab, Laboratory of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center "Health Science", Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
Vascul Pharmacol. 2025 Jun;159:107491. doi: 10.1016/j.vph.2025.107491. Epub 2025 Mar 18.
Myocardial infarction (MI) with resulting congestive heart failure is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Current therapies for treating MI, such as devices, traditional medicine, and surgeries, come with many limitations as patients in their final stages of heart failure have little chances of experiencing any reversible changes. In recent decades, Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) based therapy has become one of the most popular and rapidly developing fields in treating MI. Their supremacy for clinical applications is partially due to their unique properties and encouraging pre-clinical outcomes in various animal disease models. However, the majority of clinical trials registered for MSC therapy for diverse human diseases, including MI, have fallen short of expectations. This review intends to discuss the recent advances in the clinical application of using MSCs for cardiac repair and discuss challenges facing the clinical translation of MSCs for cardiac regeneration such as restoration of endothelial-cardiomyocyte crosstalk, immunomodulation and immune rejection, poor homing and migration, as well as low retention and survival. Furthermore, we will discuss recent strategies being investigated to help overcome some of these challenges.
心肌梗死（MI）导致的充血性心力衰竭是全球主要死因之一。目前治疗心肌梗死的方法，如器械、传统药物和手术，存在许多局限性，因为处于心力衰竭终末期的患者几乎没有机会经历任何可逆性变化。近几十年来，基于间充质干细胞（MSC）的治疗已成为治疗心肌梗死最热门且发展迅速的领域之一。它们在临床应用中的优势部分归因于其独特特性以及在各种动物疾病模型中令人鼓舞的临床前结果。然而，为包括心肌梗死在内的多种人类疾病注册的大多数间充质干细胞治疗临床试验都未达预期。本综述旨在讨论使用间充质干细胞进行心脏修复的临床应用的最新进展，并讨论间充质干细胞用于心脏再生的临床转化所面临的挑战，如内皮细胞 - 心肌细胞相互作用的恢复、免疫调节和免疫排斥、归巢和迁移能力差以及低滞留率和存活率。此外，我们将讨论正在研究的有助于克服其中一些挑战的最新策略。
