Lönnqvist Per-Arne
Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Section of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Care, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Br J Anaesth. 2025 May;134(5):1282-1284. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2025.02.013. Epub 2025 Mar 19.
In years past, it was standard of practice to use high-glucose, low-sodium i.v. infusions as maintenance fluids intraoperatively. However, this tradition was associated with the risk of developing severe postoperative hyponatraemia, which sometimes resulted in cerebral oedema and even death. Research, information, consensus guidelines, and lobbying the pharma industry to produce a low-glucose isotonic solution that would be optimised for use in children has now resulted in a much needed change of practice. However, an outstanding issue has been whether 1% glucose in i.v. solutions is enough or too little to safeguard against intraoperative hypoglycaemia in infants. Lindestam and colleagues have now reported results from a relatively large prospective observational study (n=365) that use of a 1% glucose isotonic solution at normal maintenance rates resulted in a zero incidence of hypoglycaemia (defined as glucose <3 mM) with maintained sodium homeostasis. A major issue in the context of intraoperative maintenance fluids in children has now been answered.
在过去的几年里,术中使用高糖、低钠静脉输液作为维持液是标准做法。然而,这种传统做法与术后发生严重低钠血症的风险相关,严重低钠血症有时会导致脑水肿甚至死亡。通过研究、信息传播、达成共识指南以及游说制药行业生产一种适合儿童使用的低糖等渗溶液,现在实践做法有了非常必要的改变。然而,一个悬而未决的问题是,静脉溶液中1%的葡萄糖对于预防婴儿术中低血糖来说是足够还是过少。林德斯塔姆及其同事现在报告了一项相对大型的前瞻性观察性研究(n = 365)的结果,即使用正常维持速率的1%葡萄糖等渗溶液导致低血糖(定义为血糖<3 mM)的发生率为零,同时钠稳态得以维持。儿童术中维持液方面的一个主要问题现在已有了答案。