Meng Weijia, Fröch Johannes E, Cheng Ke, Pi Dapu, Li Baoli, Majumdar Arka, Maier Stefan A, Ren Haoran, Gu Min, Fang Xinyuan
School of Artificial Intelligence Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
Institute of Photonic Chips, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
Sci Adv. 2025 Mar 21;11(12):eadt9159. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adt9159.
Metasurface holograms harness multiple degrees of freedom of light to enhance information channel capacity. Traditionally, wavelength multiplexing holography with high-capacity information channel was only achievable through 3D volume holograms using Bragg diffraction. Here, we demonstrate ultranarrow-linewidth wavelength-vortex multiplexing holography in metasurface holograms. By applying elementary dispersion engineering, we develop a sparse -vector-filtering aperture array in momentum space, enabling sharp wavelength selectivity combined with orbital angular momentum selectivity. Further leveraging transformer neural networks for the design of phase-only holograms, we showcase the reconstruction of up to 118 independent images from a single hologram, achieving a simulated ultranarrow linewidth of 2 nanometers within the visible range. We apply these developed metasurface holograms for holographic visual cryptography, attaining unprecedented security levels with an information rate over 2500 times higher than traditional methods. Our results open exciting avenues for the application of metasurface holograms in various fields, including 3D displays, holographic encryption, and optical artificial intelligence.
超表面全息图利用光的多个自由度来增强信息通道容量。传统上，具有高容量信息通道的波长复用全息术只能通过使用布拉格衍射的三维体全息图来实现。在此，我们展示了超表面全息图中的超窄线宽波长-涡旋复用全息术。通过应用基本的色散工程，我们在动量空间中开发了一种稀疏矢量滤波孔径阵列，实现了与轨道角动量选择性相结合的尖锐波长选择性。进一步利用变压器神经网络设计纯相位全息图，我们展示了从单个全息图重建多达118个独立图像，在可见光范围内实现了2纳米的模拟超窄线宽。我们将这些开发的超表面全息图应用于全息视觉密码学，实现了前所未有的安全级别，信息速率比传统方法高出2500倍以上。我们的结果为超表面全息图在包括三维显示全息加密和光学人工智能在内的各个领域的应用开辟了令人兴奋的途径。
