Gregory P C, Heller R, von Engelhardt W
Q J Exp Physiol. 1985 Jan;70(1):51-61. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.1985.sp002896.
Manometric and electromyographic recordings of stomach motility were made in five conscious llamas to investigate the influence of distension of the stomach compartments, of temporary cervical vagal blockade and the influence of atropine, acetylcholine and adrenaline. The frequency of A-contractions was slowed by distension of the canal joining compartment 2 (C2) and compartment 3 (C3), or of the proximal region of C3, and either increased and/or reduced by distension of the distal region of C3 or the hind stomach. The number of B-contractions in a cycle was increased according to the degree of distension of the cranial sac of compartment 1 (C1). B-contractions were also induced by distension of the canal or proximal region of C3 and were inhibited by distension of the distal region of C3 or the hind stomach. Contractions of C3 were not influenced by distension of C1 or C2 but were inhibited by distension of the canal, while distension within C3 caused a local excitation and an inhibition both proximal and distal to the point of stimulation. The hind stomach was only affected by local stimuli. Temporary vagal blockade abolished all contractions of C1, C2, and the canal and C3, but had little effect on the motility of the hind stomach. Infusion of atropine (0.01 mg/kg), acetylcholine (7-33 micrograms/kg . min) and adrenaline (0.3 micrograms/kg . min) inhibited motility in all stomach compartments except the hind stomach where acetylcholine was stimulatory. It is concluded that while the hind stomach may have intrinsic motility, the contractions of C1, C2, the canal and C3 of the llama stomach are dependent upon a vagal motor nerve supply and that the pattern of contractions observed is regulated at least partially according to the individual degree of distension of each of the stomach compartments.
对五只清醒的美洲驼进行了胃动力的测压和肌电图记录，以研究胃各腔室扩张、暂时性颈迷走神经阻滞以及阿托品、乙酰胆碱和肾上腺素的影响。连接2号腔室（C2）和3号腔室（C3）的管道或C3近端区域的扩张会减慢A收缩的频率，而C3远端区域或后胃的扩张会使其频率增加和/或降低。根据1号腔室（C1）颅侧囊的扩张程度，一个周期内B收缩的次数会增加。C3管道或近端区域的扩张也会诱发B收缩，而C3远端区域或后胃的扩张会抑制B收缩。C3的收缩不受C1或C2扩张的影响，但会受到管道扩张的抑制，而C3内的扩张会在刺激点的近端和远端引起局部兴奋和抑制。后胃仅受局部刺激的影响。暂时性迷走神经阻滞消除了C1、C2、管道和C3的所有收缩，但对后胃的动力影响不大。注入阿托品（0.01毫克/千克）、乙酰胆碱（7 - 33微克/千克·分钟）和肾上腺素（0.3微克/千克·分钟）会抑制所有胃腔室的动力，但后胃除外，在后胃中乙酰胆碱具有刺激作用。得出的结论是，虽然后胃可能具有内在动力，但美洲驼胃的C1、C2、管道和C3的收缩依赖于迷走运动神经供应，并且观察到的收缩模式至少部分是根据每个胃腔室的个体扩张程度来调节的。
