Wang Junrui, Chen Jianfei, Zhao Dongqi, Qin Hao, Li Ruiqi
School of Electrical Information Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750000, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 21;15(1):9732. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-92627-z.
With the rise of the charging level of new energy vehicles, the three-level half-bridge LLC topology is gradually applied to the rear stage of DC charging pile. This topology often adopts a hybrid control mode of Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) and Phase Shift Modulation (PSM) to obtain a wide output range. However, the PFM and PSM hybrid control can not meet the Zero Voltage Switch (ZVS) of the inner tube at the low voltage output. In order to solve this problem, this paper analyses the conditions of LLC to achieve ZVS, and proposes a Variable Frequency Burst Modulation (VFBM) to maintain dead time and minimum effective duty cycle, and forms a three-stage hybrid optimization control strategy with PSM and PFM, and sets three mode switching points to make the system work in different control modes under different output levels. Finally, the simulation model of fixed input 600 V and output 150 ~ 650 V was established by Matlab/Simulink to verify that the three-stage hybrid optimization control strategy can not only realize the inner tube ZVS in low voltage interval, but also realize the wide output voltage range, which improves the efficiency of the system. And can accurately switch the working mode, so that the post-stage system output stable, continuous and adjustable DC voltage.
随着新能源汽车充电功率的提升,三电平半桥 LLC 拓扑逐渐应用于直流充电桩的后级。这种拓扑常采用脉冲频率调制(PFM)和移相调制(PSM)的混合控制方式来获得较宽的输出范围。然而,PFM 和 PSM 混合控制在低电压输出时无法满足内管的零电压开关(ZVS)。为解决该问题,本文分析了 LLC 实现 ZVS 的条件,提出一种可变频率突发调制(VFBM)以维持死区时间和最小有效占空比,并与 PSM 和 PFM 形成三阶段混合优化控制策略,设置三个模式切换点使系统在不同输出电平下工作于不同控制模式。最后,通过 Matlab/Simulink 建立了固定输入 600 V、输出 150~650 V 的仿真模型,验证了三阶段混合优化控制策略不仅能在低电压区间实现内管 ZVS,还能实现宽输出电压范围,提高了系统效率。且能准确切换工作模式,使后级系统输出稳定、连续且可调的直流电压。