The role of genetic/epigenetic factors and microenvironment in hematopoietic stem cell ageing.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) ageing is a phenomenon described by reduction in self-renewal capacity, compromised homing, a bias towards myeloid differentiation, and defective reconstitution function. The molecular mechanisms of HSCs ageing have been investigated by several groups. In a broad classification, the underlying causes can be grouped into the intrinsic factors and those related to the microenvironment. Determination of the exact mechanism of HSCs ageing and detailed molecular events during its initiation and progression will help in the establishment of novel therapies for the treatment or prevention of ageing-related hematopoietic disorders. This review offers an overview of genetic and epigenetic causes of HSCs ageing. The findings of these investigations paved the way for design of novel strategies for rejuvenation of HSCs.