Barton Hanna J, Valdez Rupa S, Shew Ashley, Swenor Bonnielin K, Jolliff Anna, Claypool Henry, Czaja Sara J, Werner Nicole E
BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Department of Systems and Information Engineering, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Gerontologist. 2025 May 10;65(6). doi: 10.1093/geront/gnaf113.
The fields of aging and disability often proceed as 2 distinct lines of inquiry and action in terms of digital technology design. Guidelines and standards in both spaces (e.g., web content accessibility guidelines) have had suboptimal impact due to limited comprehensiveness enforcement mechanisms. Standards also rarely account for variations within the disability and aging communities and the structural power of ageism and ableism. These concerns proliferate in the context of contemporary technology discourse (e.g., data privacy, generative artificial intelligence). There is an opportunity to bridge both fields given that aging and disability can lead to distinct but overlapping experiences and technological needs and because of the multiple ways aging and disability may be simultaneously experienced. Joint efforts are essential to building the political power necessary to address current limitations and associated harms and to mitigate the risk of exacerbation associated with increasing technological pervasiveness and complexity. Joint efforts can also catalyze a paradigm shift from designing to address "deficits" to designs that are responsive to assets and the context of older adults' and disabled persons' full personhood. This paper reviews best practices for digital technology design across aging and disability fields and presents pathways forward toward comprehensive, enforceable standards.
在数字技术设计方面,老龄化和残疾领域通常作为两条不同的研究和行动路线。由于全面性和执行机制有限,这两个领域的指导方针和标准(如网络内容可访问性指南)的影响并不理想。标准也很少考虑残疾群体和老年群体内部的差异,以及年龄歧视和能力歧视的结构性影响。在当代技术讨论(如数据隐私、生成式人工智能)的背景下,这些问题日益突出。鉴于老龄化和残疾可能导致不同但重叠的经历和技术需求,而且老龄化和残疾可能同时出现,因此有机会将这两个领域联系起来。共同努力对于建立必要的政治力量至关重要,以解决当前的局限性和相关危害,并降低与技术普及性和复杂性增加相关的加剧风险。共同努力还可以促使范式转变,从设计以解决“缺陷”转向设计以响应老年人和残疾人完整人格的资产和背景。本文回顾了老龄化和残疾领域数字技术设计的最佳实践,并提出了迈向全面、可执行标准的前进道路。