Comparison of Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Compared to Long-Acting Insulin, Added to Oral Anti-Diabetic Agents on Self-Management Behaviors, Anxiety, and Sleep Quality in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

AIM

This study aimed to investigate the impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) on individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) by comparing self-management behaviors, anxiety, and sleep quality in T2DM patients.

METHODS

This is a single-center prospective study. During the patients' hospitalization, we collected their clinical data, and three months after discharge, we conducted follow-up by phone to record weight changes, blood glucose levels, self-management behaviors, anxiety levels, and sleep quality.

RESULTS

A total of 271 patients were included in this study. Among them, 177 (65.31%) were classified into the oral drug combined with long-acting insulin group, and 94 (34.69%) were classified into the oral drug combined with GLP-1RAs group. No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in age, duration of diabetes, comorbidities, complications, or types of oral medications (P> 0.05). However, significant differences were observed between the groups in postprandial blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, dietary control, medication adherence, actual anxiety, and sleep time (P<0.05). Notably, the oral medication combined with GLP-1RAs group demonstrated improved dietary control, medication adherence, anxiety and actual sleep time compared to the oral medication combined with long-acting insulin group.

CONCLUSION

In this 3-month study, there were statistically significant differences in HbA1c, post-prandial glucose, weight, for self-management behaviors, for dietary control, medication adherence, anxiety, and actual sleep time in T2DM patients. The findings suggest that GLP-1 RA may contribute to the improvement of dietary behaviors, medication adherence, anxiety, and sleep quality in addition to weight and glycemic control in T2DM patients.