Wang Ke, Zheng Kun, Cai Youjie
College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China.
The Collaborative Innovation Center for Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment Industrialization, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China.
PLoS One. 2025 Mar 24;20(3):e0319803. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0319803. eCollection 2025.
In order to study the basic parameters and sensitive areas of track vibration acceleration during train passage, a vehicle-rail dynamic finite element model based on wheel-rail coupled dynamics is established. The vertical and longitudinal distributions of track vibration acceleration under load are calculated with the dynamic model at the vehicle speed of 250Km/h. And the experimental modal analysis is carried out using the ballastless track mechanical test platform with pulse hammer excitation. The study found significant spatial distribution characteristics of vertical and longitudinal accelerations at different positions along the rail; the root-mean-square value is more suitable than the maximum value to represent the vibration of the whole rail span, while the entropy value can be used to analyse the vibration of the rail; wheel-rail accelerometers are very sensitive to vibration energy outside the rail head, but installing accelerometers on the outside of the rail head is difficult and may affect travel safety; it is more appropriate to choose the waist part of the rail for detection.
为研究列车通过时轨道振动加速度的基本参数及敏感区域，建立了基于轮轨耦合动力学的车辆-轨道动态有限元模型。利用该动力学模型，计算了车速为250Km/h时荷载作用下轨道振动加速度的垂向和纵向分布。并采用脉冲锤激振的无砟轨道力学试验平台进行了试验模态分析。研究发现，沿轨道不同位置的垂向和纵向加速度具有显著的空间分布特征；均方根值比最大值更适合表征整个轨跨的振动，而熵值可用于分析轨道的振动；轮轨加速度计对轨头外侧的振动能量非常敏感，但在轨头外侧安装加速度计困难且可能影响行车安全；选择轨腰部位进行检测较为合适。
