Zhang Zi-Chen, Wang Xiao-Wei, Li Shao-Bo, Liu Yu-Qin, Li Yu-Min, Jia Hong-Hong
Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Xinyang Road No. 39, Daqing, 163319, China.
Department of Cardiology, Daqing People's Hospital, Daqing, China.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Mar 24;25(1):1110. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-22299-x.
Diabetes and its complications have emerged as a significant health threat to rural residents. Accurately perceiving the risk of complications may play a crucial role in modifying health behaviors and preventing complications' occurrence. We aimed to explore the barriers to and facilitators of risk perception of complications in rural patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and to provide new perspectives and ideas for the development of relevant interventions in the future.
This study adopted the qualitative content analysis method. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 rural diabetic patients selected by purposive sampling from July to September 2023, and the interview data were systematically analyzed.
Data analysis identified 9 sub-themes falling into the 2 macro-themes: (a) facilitators of complications risk perception (Increased disease knowledge, Low sense of disease control, Risk experiences, Negative mindset); (b) barriers to complications risk perception (Lack of awareness of diabetes or its complications, Information barriers, Optimistic bias, Overconfidence, Disease generalization).
This study explored the barriers and facilitators of complication risk perception among rural patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, offering new insights into risk perception research, and aiding primary medical staff to develop targeted intervention measures to ensure that rural diabetes patients can accurately and objectively perceive risk.
糖尿病及其并发症已成为对农村居民的重大健康威胁。准确认识并发症风险可能在改变健康行为和预防并发症发生方面发挥关键作用。我们旨在探讨农村2型糖尿病患者并发症风险认知的障碍和促进因素，并为未来制定相关干预措施提供新的视角和思路。
本研究采用定性内容分析法。2023年7月至9月，通过目的抽样选取14名农村糖尿病患者进行半结构化访谈，并对访谈数据进行系统分析。
数据分析确定了9个亚主题，分为2个宏观主题：（a）并发症风险认知的促进因素（疾病知识增加、疾病控制感低、风险经历、消极心态）；（b）并发症风险认知的障碍（对糖尿病或其并发症缺乏认识、信息障碍、乐观偏差、过度自信、疾病泛化）。
本研究探讨了农村2型糖尿病患者并发症风险认知的障碍和促进因素，为风险认知研究提供了新的见解，并有助于基层医务人员制定有针对性的干预措施，以确保农村糖尿病患者能够准确、客观地认识风险。
