Zerbe Stefan, Schmid Hannah-Lea, Hornberg Claudia, Freymüller Julius, Mc Call Timothy
Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bozen, Italy.
Institute of Geography, University of Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany.
Front Public Health. 2025 Mar 10;13:1563340. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1563340. eCollection 2025.
Contact with nature can have a significant influence on human physical and mental health and wellbeing. As such, various concepts and theories as well as therapeutic approaches have been developed. The term "nature," however, covers a broad range of size and scales, ranging from individuals or small groups of animals or plants, certain ecosystems toward landscapes. The purpose of this paper is to differentiate concepts, theories, and therapy forms according to the scales of nature. We base our conceptional approach on the biological/ecological scales of species/individuals, ecosystems/land-use types, and landscapes. Based on a review, we differentiate the current state of the utilization of greenspace exposure measurements and measures assessing mental health according to these scales. We argue that a clear differentiation of biological and ecological scales provides a better understanding of the impact of nature with its components, characteristics, and dynamics on human health and wellbeing. Our paper also supports further inter- and transdisciplinary research as well as methodological approaches with regard to environment and health, such as environmental public health.
与自然接触会对人类身心健康及幸福感产生重大影响。因此，人们已经提出了各种概念、理论以及治疗方法。然而，“自然”一词涵盖了广泛的大小和尺度范围，从个体或小群体的动植物、特定生态系统到景观。本文的目的是根据自然的尺度来区分概念、理论和治疗形式。我们的概念方法基于物种/个体、生态系统/土地利用类型以及景观的生物/生态尺度。通过综述，我们根据这些尺度区分了绿地暴露测量和评估心理健康措施的当前应用状况。我们认为，对生物和生态尺度进行清晰区分能更好地理解自然及其组成部分、特征和动态对人类健康和幸福感的影响。我们的论文还支持在环境与健康方面开展进一步的跨学科和跨领域研究以及方法学探讨，比如环境公共卫生。
