Jitpeera Charuttaporn, Kripattanapong Somkid, Klaytong Preeyarach, Rangsiwutisak Chalida, Wannapinij Prapass, Doungngern Pawinee, Pinyopornpanish Papassorn, Chamawan Panida, Srisuphan Voranadda, Tuamsuwan Krittiya, Boonyarit Phairam, Sripichai Orapan, Hinjoy Soawapak, Stelling John, Turner Paul, Bhunyakitikorn Wichan, Iamsirithaworn Sopon, Limmathurotsakul Direk
Division of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
PLOS Glob Public Health. 2025 Mar 25;5(3):e0003995. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003995. eCollection 2025.
The information on notifiable diseases in low- and middle-income countries is often incomplete, limiting our understanding of their epidemiology. Our study addresses this knowledge gap by analyzing microbiology laboratory and hospital admission data from 111 of 127 public referral hospitals in Thailand, excluding Bangkok, from January to December 2022. We evaluated factors associated with the incidence of notifiable bacterial diseases (NBDs) caused by 11 pathogens; including Brucella spp., Burkholderia pseudomallei, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, non-typhoidal Salmonella spp. (NTS), Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, Shigella spp., Streptococcus suis, and Vibrio spp.. We used multivariable Poisson random-effects regression models. Additionally, we compared their yearly incidence rates in 2022 with those from 2012-2015 in hospitals where paired data were available. In 2022, the NBD associated with the highest total number of deaths was B. pseudomallei (4,407 patients; 1,219 deaths) infection, followed by NTS (4,501 patients; 461 deaths), S. suis (867 patients, 134 deaths) and Vibrio spp. (809 patients, 122 deaths) infection. The incidence rates of B. pseudomallei, S. suis and Vibrio spp. infections were highest in the northeast, upper central and west, respectively. The incidence rate of NTS infection was generally high across all geographical regions. The yearly incidence rates of B. pseudomallei and S. suis infections in 2022 were higher than those between 2012-2015, while those of fecal-oral transmitted NBDs including NTS infection, typhoid, shigellosis and vibriosis were lower. Overall, B. pseudomallei and S. suis infections are emerging and associated with a very high number of deaths in Thailand. Although the incidence of NTS infection and vibriosis are decreasing, they are still associated with a high number of cases and deaths. Specific public health interventions are warranted.
低收入和中等收入国家的法定传染病信息往往不完整，这限制了我们对其流行病学的了解。我们的研究通过分析2022年1月至12月泰国127家（不包括曼谷）公立转诊医院中111家医院的微生物实验室和医院入院数据，填补了这一知识空白。我们评估了与11种病原体引起的法定细菌性疾病（NBDs）发病率相关的因素；这些病原体包括布鲁氏菌属、类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌、白喉棒状杆菌、淋病奈瑟菌、脑膜炎奈瑟菌、非伤寒沙门氏菌属（NTS）、甲型副伤寒沙门氏菌、伤寒沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌属、猪链球菌和弧菌属。我们使用了多变量泊松随机效应回归模型。此外，我们将2022年它们的年发病率与有配对数据的医院在2012 - 2015年的发病率进行了比较。2022年，与死亡总数最高相关的NBD是类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌感染（4407例患者；1219例死亡），其次是NTS感染（4501例患者；461例死亡）、猪链球菌感染（867例患者，134例死亡）和弧菌属感染（809例患者，122例死亡）。类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌、猪链球菌和弧菌属感染的发病率分别在东北部、中北部和西部最高。NTS感染的发病率在所有地理区域普遍较高。2022年类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌和猪链球菌感染的年发病率高于2012 - 2015年，而包括NTS感染、伤寒、志贺氏菌病和弧菌病在内的粪 - 口传播NBDs的发病率较低。总体而言，类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌和猪链球菌感染在泰国呈上升趋势且与大量死亡相关。虽然NTS感染和弧菌病的发病率在下降，但它们仍然与大量病例和死亡相关。需要采取特定的公共卫生干预措施。
