Khosravi Vahid, Mahdavi Amir Hossein, Hatamzade Esfahani Nasim
Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
Vet Med Sci. 2025 Mar;11(2):e70147. doi: 10.1002/vms3.70147.
Medicinal plants and probiotics affect the productive performance of avian species through comparable biological mechanisms, including modifications to the intestinal microbiome, alterations in histomorphology and effects on the immune system and blood metabolites. In light of this, the current study was designed and conducted to compare the efficacy of Zataria multiflora, Salvia officinalis and probiotic microorganisms on some physiological parameters and the performance of laying hens. A total of 225 white leghorn hens aged 42 weeks were randomly assigned into 9 treatments with 5 replicates of 10 birds each. Experimental treatments consisted of a control group, 0.2% and 0.4% Z. multiflora, 0.2% and 0.4% S. officinalis, 0.2% and 0.4% the combination of Z. multiflora and S. officinalis and 0.005% and 0.01% probiotic microorganisms. Our findings showed that dietary inclusion of 0.01% probiotic, 0.4% Z. multiflora and 0.4% Z. multiflora + S. officinalis treatments decreased the intestinal Escherichia coli (p < 0.01) and Salmonella (p = 0.06) enumerations and increased the lamina propria lymphoid follicle diameter (p < 0.01). Feeding 0.4% Z. multiflora, 0.4% Z. multiflora + S. officinalis could enhance the villus height and crypt depth (p < 0.05). Probiotic supplementation decreased crypt depth (p = 0.019) and increased villus height to crypt depth ratio (p < 0.05). Dietary supplementation of 0.4% Z. multiflora and 0.01% probiotic treatments significantly showed the highest antibody titre against the Newcastle disease virus vaccine and the lowest heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (p < 0.05). Over the whole trial period, feeding 0.01% probiotic and 0.4% Z. multiflora treatments could improve the egg production percentage and feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the present findings indicate that the dietary administration of 0.4% Z. multiflora and 0.01% probiotic treatments could improve the productive performance of laying hens by strengthening both mucosal and systemic immune functions, as well as improving health indicators related to the intestinal absorptive area.
药用植物和益生菌通过类似的生物学机制影响禽类的生产性能，包括对肠道微生物群的改变、组织形态学的变化以及对免疫系统和血液代谢物的影响。有鉴于此，本研究旨在比较多花百里香、鼠尾草和益生菌微生物对蛋鸡某些生理参数和生产性能的影响。将225只42周龄的白来航蛋鸡随机分为9组，每组10只，重复5次。实验处理包括一个对照组、0.2%和0.4%的多花百里香组、0.2%和0.4%的鼠尾草组、0.2%和0.4%的多花百里香与鼠尾草组合组以及0.005%和0.01%的益生菌微生物组。我们的研究结果表明，日粮中添加0.01%的益生菌、0.4%的多花百里香以及0.4%的多花百里香+鼠尾草处理可降低肠道大肠杆菌数量（p<0.01）和沙门氏菌数量（p=0.06），并增加固有层淋巴滤泡直径（p<0.01）。饲喂0.4%的多花百里香、0.4%的多花百里香+鼠尾草可提高绒毛高度和隐窝深度（p<0.05）。补充益生菌可降低隐窝深度（p=0.019）并增加绒毛高度与隐窝深度之比（p<0.05）。日粮中添加0.4%的多花百里香和0.01%的益生菌处理显著显示出针对新城疫病毒疫苗的最高抗体滴度和最低的异嗜性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比率（p<0.05）。在整个试验期内，饲喂0.01%的益生菌和0.4%的多花百里香处理可提高产蛋率和饲料转化率（p<0.05）。总之，目前的研究结果表明，日粮中添加0.4%的多花百里香和0.01%的益生菌处理可通过增强黏膜和全身免疫功能以及改善与肠道吸收面积相关的健康指标来提高蛋鸡的生产性能。
