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吹吸式除尘器气流组织的数值分析

Numerical analysis on the airflow organization of a blowing suction dust collector.

作者信息

Zhou Wenhe, Dai Guangmei, Jiang Yapeng

机构信息

School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China.

Key Laboratory of Railway Vehicle Thermal Engineering of Ministry of Education, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 25;15(1):10244. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-94767-8.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-94767-8
PMID:40133433
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11937584/
Abstract

Small sweeper will become a very popular way to clean roads in cities if its dust removal efficiency could be improved by combining the dust collector of blowing-suction type. A new dust collector of blowing-suction type used in urban cleaning vehicle is presented by this article, which is named W-shaped blowing suction dust collector, and its gas-solid two-phase flow field is numerically analyzed by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, including effects of its structural parameters and operating parameters on the dust removal efficiency. It has been demonstrated that the flow field characteristics and the overall dust removal efficiency of the blowing-suction dust collector depend on the diameter-width ratio and the inclination angle of the baffle/slot-shaped nozzle, and the air blowing velocity and the sweeper traveling speed. The optimal combination of structural parameters is the diameter-width ratio of 0.25 and the inclination angle of the baffle/slot-shaped air blow of 69.5°, and the ideal operating parameters are an air blowing velocity of 15 m/s at each port and a sweeper-traveling speed of 1.3 m/s. In the conditions mentioned above, the average near ground velocity of the dust collector is greater than the particle start-up speed of 15m/s and the average velocity of the surrounding air inlet surfaces increases significantly. The negative pressure of the dust collection port is relatively high. Meanwhile, the blowing suction dust collector in this study achieved a dust removal efficiency of over 95%. This study will provide a useful reference for its fabrication followed.

摘要

如果小型清扫车能通过结合吹吸式集尘器提高其除尘效率，它将成为城市道路清扫非常受欢迎的方式。本文提出了一种用于城市清洁车辆的新型吹吸式集尘器，名为W形吹吸式集尘器，并采用计算流体动力学（CFD）方法对其气固两相流场进行了数值分析，包括其结构参数和运行参数对除尘效率的影响。结果表明，吹吸式集尘器的流场特性和整体除尘效率取决于挡板/槽形喷嘴的径宽比和倾斜角度，以及吹气速度和清扫车行驶速度。结构参数的最佳组合是径宽比为0.25，挡板/槽形吹气的倾斜角度为69.5°，理想的运行参数是每个端口的吹气速度为15 m/s，清扫车行驶速度为1.3 m/s。在上述条件下，集尘器近地面平均速度大于15m/s的颗粒启动速度，周围进气表面的平均速度显著增加。集尘口负压较高。同时，本研究中的吹吸式集尘器实现了95%以上的除尘效率。该研究将为后续的制造提供有益的参考。

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