Leneuve-Dorilas Malika, Quet Fabrice, Bernard Stéphanie, Osei Lindsay, Louis Alphonse, Capé Marie-Noella, Dotou Dominique, Dzierzek Anne-Christèle, Elenga Narcisse, Nacher Mathieu
Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department, Cayenne Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Department of Research, Innovation and Public Health, Cayenne Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Hypertens Pregnancy. 2025 Dec;44(1):2484019. doi: 10.1080/10641955.2025.2484019. Epub 2025 Mar 25.
French Guiana is France's largest overseas territory, accounting for 1/6th of mainland France. French Guiana has the highest fertility rate in France and Latin America. However, infant mortality, especially neonatal mortality, remains 2.6 times higher than in mainland France. Preeclampsia was found to be the most important pregnancy-related condition contributing to preterm birth in the primary analysis of risk factors for preterm birth in French Guiana.
Therefore, by analyzing the (RIGI), we sought to better describe this condition and understand its risk factors in our area. A retrospective and comparative study was conducted using 2014-2020 data from the RIGI, which describes 53,522 viable births (≥22 weeks of amenorrhea) in all four perinatal facilities in French Guiana. The RIGI is performed by midwives after patients' delivery. It records data up to two hours postpartum.
During the study 12.9% of children were born preterm at less than 37 WA (weeks of amenorrhea). 4.5% of the study population had preeclampsia, of which almost half, 49.5%, were expected to deliver prematurely. The Afro-Caribbean population has a higher risk of preeclampsia than the white population, more than double that of the caucasians. Despite adjustment for place of birth, there are spatial heterogeneities in preeclampsia, with an increased risk for residents of towns in western French Guiana.
In conclusion, preeclampsia is a major cause of preterm birth and morbidity in French Guiana. The great heterogeneity between populations and geographical areas requires specific blood tests such as angiogenic balance or still heavy metal assays.
法属圭亚那是法国最大的海外领土，面积占法国本土的六分之一。法属圭亚那的生育率在法国和拉丁美洲是最高的。然而，婴儿死亡率，尤其是新生儿死亡率，仍比法国本土高出2.6倍。在法属圭亚那早产风险因素的初步分析中，子痫前期被发现是导致早产的最重要的妊娠相关病症。
因此，通过分析法属圭亚那妊娠和婴儿信息登记系统（RIGI）的数据，我们试图更好地描述这种病症，并了解我们地区其风险因素。我们利用RIGI 2014年至2020年的数据进行了一项回顾性比较研究，该数据描述了法属圭亚那所有四个围产期设施中的53,522例活产（闭经≥22周）情况。RIGI由助产士在患者分娩后进行。它记录产后两小时内的数据。
在研究期间，12.9%的儿童在妊娠小于37周时早产。4.5%的研究人群患有子痫前期，其中近一半（49.5%）预计会早产。非洲加勒比人群患子痫前期的风险高于白人群体，是高加索人的两倍多。尽管对出生地进行了调整，但子痫前期存在空间异质性，法属圭亚那西部城镇居民的风险增加。
总之，子痫前期是法属圭亚那早产和发病的主要原因。人群和地理区域之间的巨大异质性需要进行特定的血液检测，如血管生成平衡检测或重金属检测。
