Reddoch-Cardenas K M, Cancelas J A, Nestheide S, Rugg N, Peña K, McIntosh C S, Ferdin J, Talackine J, Parker J, Jensen L A, Gonzales R, Hess J R, Zia M
U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research (USAISR), Sam Houston, Texas, USA.
Hoxworth Blood Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Transfusion. 2025 May;65 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S185-S192. doi: 10.1111/trf.18207. Epub 2025 Mar 25.
Whole blood (WB) is an efficient product for field medical resuscitation because of its unitary composition, tolerance for storage on ice and in field refrigerators, and simplicity of use. We measured quality parameters of a novel 8-week WB storage system.
Here, 500 mL of WB from healthy donors was collected in 70 mL of CPDA-1, leukoreduced with a platelet-sparing filter, pooled into ABO-compatible two-unit pools, and split into matched pairs of equal volume designated as Test or Control units. Test units received an additional 50 mL of a novel WB preservative solution (APEX units, Hemerus Medical, St Paul, MN). A total of 15 paired WB units were evaluated at Day 0 (D0) and periodically up to Day 56 (D56) of storage at 1-6°C across two centers. Quality testing included cellularity, ATP concentrations, hemolysis, blood gases, metabolites, coagulation factor levels, thromboelastography (TEG), and bacterial culture.
At D56, APEX units displayed higher RBC ATP concentration (3.14 vs. 2.18 μmol/gHb, p = 0.001), pH (6.53 vs. 6.50, p = 0.01), and higher bicarbonate reserve (8 vs. 5.4, p < 0.0001). D56 APEX units had greater platelet contribution to TEG clot strength (p < 0.01) and better preservation of red cell ATP (p < 0.001). Activities of fibrinogen, factor VIII, factor V, and protein S activity in APEX units remained within the reference levels on D56. No bacterial contamination was detected at the end of storage.
These findings suggest that APEX preserves RBCs effectively and maintains platelet and plasma coagulation functions for up to 56 days.
全血（WB）因其单一成分、可耐受在冰上及野外冰箱中储存以及使用简便，是现场医疗复苏的一种有效产品。我们对一种新型的8周全血储存系统的质量参数进行了测量。
在此，从健康供者采集500 mL全血，置于70 mL CPDA-1中，通过血小板保留滤器进行白细胞去除，汇集为ABO血型相容的两单位血池，并分成等体积的配对样本，分别指定为试验组或对照组。试验组样本额外加入50 mL新型全血保存液（APEX样本，Hemerus Medical公司，明尼苏达州圣保罗）。在两个中心，于储存第0天（D0）以及在1-6°C下储存直至第56天（D56）期间定期对总共15对全血样本进行评估。质量检测包括细胞计数、ATP浓度、溶血、血气、代谢物、凝血因子水平、血栓弹力图（TEG）以及细菌培养。
在D56时，APEX样本显示出更高的红细胞ATP浓度（3.14对2.18 μmol/gHb，p = 0.001）、pH值（6.53对6.50，p = 0.01）以及更高的碳酸氢盐储备（8对5.4，p < 0.0001）。D56时，APEX样本对TEG凝血强度的血小板贡献更大（p < 0.01），并且红细胞ATP的保存更好（p < 0.001）。D56时，APEX样本中纤维蛋白原、凝血因子VIII、凝血因子V和蛋白S活性仍保持在参考水平内。储存结束时未检测到细菌污染。
这些发现表明，APEX能有效保存红细胞，并在长达56天内维持血小板和血浆凝血功能。
