Revealing the Impact of Gel Electrolytes on the Performance of Organic Electrochemical Transistors.

Gel electrolyte-gated organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are promising bioelectronic devices known for their high transconductance, low operating voltage, and integration with biological systems. Despite extensive research on the performance of OECTs, a precise model defining the dependence of OECT performance on gel electrolytes is still lacking. In this work, we refine the device model to comprehensively account for the electrical double layer (EDL)'s capacitance of the gel electrolyte. Both experimental data and theoretical calculations indicate that the maximum transconductance of the OECT is contingent upon ion concentration, drain voltage, and scan rate, highlighting a strong correlation between the transconductance and the hydrogel electrolyte. Overall, this model serves as a theoretical tool for improving the performance of OECTs, enabling the further development of bioelectronic devices.