Wei Wenchao, Zhang Yun, Wang Licheng, Xing Qiao, Xiang Jun, Zhang Yuquan, Peng Qifei, Chen Yongfu, Hu Yufeng, Ma Yini, Mo Ling
Hainan Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Haikou 571127, China.
College of Resources & Environment of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Toxics. 2025 Mar 12;13(3):205. doi: 10.3390/toxics13030205.
China is facing increasing marine microplastic pollution. Despite the fact that the South China Sea is the largest marine area in China, the ecological danger and present state of microplastic contamination in this region have not been systematically and comprehensively investigated. This study analyzed the abundance, distribution, and characteristics of microplastics in different environmental media and biological samples from the Xisha Islands in the South China Sea, and then the ecological risk assessment of microplastic pollution in this area was conducted. The findings indicated that the quantities of sediments, soil, water, fish, and birds were 41.56 ± 19.12 items/kg, 92.94 ± 111.05 items/kg, 2.89 ± 1.92 items/L, 2.57 ± 2.12 items/ind, and 1.702 ± 1.50 items/ind, respectively. By evaluating the pollution load index (PLI), polymer hazard index (PHI), and potential ecological risk index (PERI), the PLI of the Xisha Islands in the South China Sea as a whole indicated that the hazard level was slightly polluted, the PHI was at a high-risk level, and the PERI samples were at no risk, except for the soil and seawater, which were at a medium-risk level.
中国正面临着日益严重的海洋微塑料污染问题。尽管南海是中国最大的海域，但该区域微塑料污染的生态危害及现状尚未得到系统全面的调查。本研究分析了南海西沙群岛不同环境介质和生物样本中微塑料的丰度、分布及特征，并对该区域微塑料污染进行了生态风险评估。结果表明，沉积物、土壤、水体、鱼类和鸟类中的微塑料数量分别为41.56±19.12个/千克、92.94±111.05个/千克、2.89±1.92个/升、2.57±2.12个/个体和1.702±1.50个/个体。通过评估污染负荷指数（PLI）、聚合物危害指数（PHI）和潜在生态风险指数（PERI），南海西沙群岛整体的PLI表明危害程度为轻度污染，PHI处于高风险水平，PERI样本除土壤和海水处于中等风险水平外均无风险。
