Farias Luís Arthur Brasil Gadelha, Weyne Larissa Santos, Landim Lenifer Siqueira, de Holanda Pablo Eliack Linhares, Santos Aliniana da Silva, Cavalcanti Luciano Pamplona de Góes, Costa Lourrany Borges, Dantas de Melo Antonio Gutierry Neves, Medeiros Melissa Soares, Girão Evelyne Santana, Coelho Tânia Mara Silva, Perdigão Neto Lauro Vieira
Laboratório de Investigação Médica-LIM 49, Department of Infectious Diseases of Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, Brazil.
São José Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Fortaleza 60455-610, Brazil.
Trop Med Infect Dis. 2025 Mar 18;10(3):81. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed10030081.
The transmission dynamics of many pathogens were altered during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Several factors, including control measures and social distancing, have influenced the circulation and epidemiology of major etiological agents of meningitis during this period. This review examined trends in the primary etiologic agents of meningitis during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS, and SciELO databases for studies published between 2020 and 2024. The data were summarized descriptively and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Thirty-eight studies are included in this review. Bacterial and viral meningitis pathogens exhibited significant epidemiological shifts during the pandemic. A marked decline in infections caused by the enteroviruses, , , and was observed from 2020 to 2021 in the northern and southern hemispheres during the pandemic. Post-pandemic, meningitis cases increased, with a resurgence in various countries. Despite the heterogeneity of the studies, the evidence indicates that the COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected the epidemiology of meningitis-causing microorganisms during and after the pandemic. Understanding these epidemiological shifts and dynamics is crucial for defining the control measures, vaccination strategies, and public health policies in the post-COVID-19 era.
在2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间，许多病原体的传播动态发生了改变。包括防控措施和社交距离在内的若干因素，在此期间影响了脑膜炎主要病原体的传播及流行病学特征。本综述研究了COVID-19大流行期间及之后脑膜炎主要病原体的变化趋势。利用MEDLINE、Embase、LILACS和SciELO数据库，对2020年至2024年发表的研究进行了全面的文献检索。数据采用描述性方法进行总结，并根据系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目指南进行报告。本综述纳入了38项研究。在大流行期间，细菌性和病毒性脑膜炎病原体呈现出显著的流行病学转变。在大流行期间，2020年至2021年期间，在北半球和南半球观察到由肠道病毒、 、 和 引起的感染显著下降。大流行后，脑膜炎病例增加，在多个国家出现了疫情反弹。尽管研究存在异质性，但证据表明，COVID-19大流行在大流行期间及之后对引起脑膜炎的微生物的流行病学产生了重大影响。了解这些流行病学转变和动态对于确定COVID-19后时代的防控措施、疫苗接种策略和公共卫生政策至关重要。
