Miller A
Age Ageing. 1985 May;14(3):132-8. doi: 10.1093/ageing/14.3.132.
Geriatric wards using individualized care (nursing process) were compared with task allocation wards in three hospitals. Patient dependency was measured using the CAPE scales. Patients admitted to the wards were similar in dependency but patients who had been in hospital for more than a month were significantly less dependent if they had been cared for in individualized care wards. Patient turnover was slower in task allocation wards, and the ratio of discharges to deaths was lower. Several nursing practices were seen to be pushing patients into dependency. The findings indicate that a considerable proportion of the dependency of elderly patients can be iatrogenic, and the formulae for calculating the number of nurses needed on the basis of patient's dependency are inadequate.
在三家医院中，对采用个性化护理（护理程序）的老年病房与任务分配病房进行了比较。使用CAPE量表来衡量患者的依赖程度。入住病房的患者在依赖程度上相似，但住院超过一个月的患者，如果在个性化护理病房接受护理，其依赖程度会显著降低。任务分配病房的患者周转率较慢，出院与死亡的比例较低。人们发现几种护理做法会促使患者产生依赖。研究结果表明，老年患者的相当一部分依赖可能是医源性的，并且基于患者依赖程度来计算所需护士数量的公式并不充分。
