罗斯坎普同源物在合成中的多功能性。

Miele Margherita, Smajić Aljoša, Pace Vittorio

Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy.

Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.

Molecules. 2025 Mar 7;30(6):1192. doi: 10.3390/molecules30061192.

Modern organic synthesis continues to benefit from the flexibility of α-diazo carbonyl intermediates. In the context of homologation processes, the Roskamp reaction-first introduced in 1989-has become a valuable tool due to its selectivity and mild condition reactions for accessing important synthons amenable to further functionalization as β-keto esters. The fine-tuning of reaction parameters-including the nature of Lewis acids, solvents, and temperature-has enabled the development of catalyzed continuous-flow methodologies, as well as a series of asymmetric variants characterized by high transformation rates, excellent stereocontrol, and formidable chemoselectivity. This review aims to emphasize the attractive features of the Roskamp reaction and its applicability for addressing challenging homologation processes.

现代有机合成继续受益于α-重氮羰基中间体的灵活性。在同系化过程中，1989年首次引入的罗斯坎普反应因其选择性和温和的反应条件，成为获取可进一步官能化生成β-酮酯的重要合成子的宝贵工具。对反应参数（包括路易斯酸的性质、溶剂和温度）的微调，促成了催化连续流方法的发展，以及一系列具有高转化率、出色立体控制和强大化学选择性的不对称变体。本综述旨在强调罗斯坎普反应的吸引人之处及其在解决具有挑战性的同系化过程中的适用性。