Lee Hao-Yuan, Chen Chien-Chin, Ko Shu-Hua, Hsu Yu-Lung, Chang En-Pen, Hsu Yu-Chau, Li Meng-Yen, Chen Chyi-Liang, Lee Wen-Yuan
Department of Nursing, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli 35664, Taiwan.
Department of Pediatrics, Wei Gong Memorial Hospital, Miaoli 35159, Taiwan.
Microorganisms. 2025 Feb 26;13(3):517. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13030517.
The COVID-19 pandemic and Taiwan's strict prevention policies from May 2020 to April 2023 significantly altered the epidemiology of viral infections. This study analyzed pediatric COVID-19 and influenza cases at Wei Gong Memorial Hospital from January 2015 to March 2024. Clinical features were compared among children hospitalized during the Omicron BA.2.3.7 (April-July 2022), Omicron BA.5 (August-December 2022), and Omicron JN.1 (2024) waves and those with influenza in 2024 and 2015-2016. Between 2015 and 2024, there were 2729 influenza A (36.6%), 974 influenza B (13.1%), and 3752 COVID-19 (50.3%) cases, with 84.7% of COVID-19 cases occurring in May-December 2022. In 2024, high fever (>40 °C) was more common in influenza A cases (32.9%) than in COVID-19 or influenza B ( < 0.004). Leukocytosis (>12,000/µL) was more frequent in COVID-19 cases (33.3%) than in influenza A (12.2%) or B (0%) ( < 0.001). Pneumonia was more prevalent in COVID-19 cases in 2024 (27.3%) than in 2022 ( ≤ 0.030), and pneumonia rates for influenza A (14.8%) and B (16.7%) in 2024 exceeded those in 2015-2016 ( ≤ 0.030). Increased pneumonia rates in 2024 emphasize the importance of vigilance and timely intervention for pediatric COVID-19 and influenza cases.
2020年5月至2023年期间的新冠疫情及台湾地区的严格防控政策显著改变了病毒感染的流行病学特征。本研究分析了2015年1月至2024年3月期间维恭纪念医院的儿童新冠和流感病例。对在奥密克戎BA.2.3.7（2022年4月至7月）、奥密克戎BA.5（2022年8月至12月）和奥密克戎JN.1（2024年）疫情波期间住院的儿童以及2024年和2015 - 2016年患流感的儿童的临床特征进行了比较。2015年至2024年期间，共出现甲型流感病例2729例（36.6%）、乙型流感病例974例（13.1%）和新冠病例3752例（50.3%），其中84.7%的新冠病例发生在2022年5月至12月。2024年，甲型流感病例中高热（>40°C）更为常见（32.9%），高于新冠或乙型流感病例（<0.004）。新冠病例中白细胞增多（>12,000/µL）的情况比甲型流感（12.2%）或乙型流感（0%）更频繁（<0.001）。2024年新冠病例中的肺炎患病率（27.3%）高于2022年（≤0.030），2024年甲型流感（14.8%）和乙型流感（16.7%）的肺炎患病率超过了2015 - 2016年（≤0.030）。2024年肺炎患病率的增加凸显了对儿童新冠和流感病例保持警惕并及时干预的重要性。
