Kadrija Vranine, Hildebrand Hauke, Leontiev Wadim, Magni Eva, Thieringer Florian Markus, Weiger Roland, Connert Thomas
Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Oral and Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery and 3D Print Lab, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Additive Manufacturing Research Group (Swiss MAM), University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland.
Eur Endod J. 2025 Mar;10(2):134-141. doi: 10.14744/eej.2024.42275.
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a 3D printed training kit for the preparation of endodontic access cavities in calcified teeth.
The root canal system of a micro-CT scanned premolar was digitally processed to create an endodontic training kit containing 10 teeth with ten different progressive degrees of pulp canal calcification. A tooth variant with a medium calcification degree (5/10) was printed in three copies using opaque resin. Additionally, a set of 10 transparent training teeth with red-colored pulp was produced using PolyJet 3D printing technology, which was used to train the access cavity preparation in a controlled manner due to the transparency of the teeth. Undergraduate students (n=27) and dentists (n=10) each prepared a total of 13 (one pre-training, two post-training) access cavities. Substance loss was quantified by CBCT, and user satisfaction was evaluated by questionnaire. Paired t-tests were used to compare the means for substance loss and procedure time for pre- and post-training conditions. Unpaired t-tests were used to compare differences between students and dentists. The level of significance was set at α=0.05.
Mean substance loss before and after training decreased for both students (71.4 versus 54.68 mm3; p=0.069) and dentists (67.3 versus 51.1 mm3; p=0.633), but the difference was not statistically significant. The average preparation time decreased with training for students (420 versus 275 seconds; p=0.100) and dentists (336 versus 158 seconds; p=0.054), but not significantly. Root perforation rates also decreased (students: 6/27 versus 4/27; dentists: 1/10 versus 0/10). Participants rated the training model as very realistic and useful, despite the difference in material texture.
The proposed 3D printed training kit appears to be a suitable tool for undergraduate dental students, which could expand their opportunities to practice the preparation of endodontic access cavities in calcified teeth. (EEJ-2024-06-091).
本研究旨在评估一种3D打印训练套件在钙化牙开髓腔预备中的有效性。
对微CT扫描的前磨牙根管系统进行数字化处理，制作一个包含10颗牙齿的牙髓训练套件，这些牙齿具有十种不同程度的渐进性牙髓腔钙化。使用不透明树脂打印三个中度钙化程度（5/10）的牙齿变体。此外，使用PolyJet 3D打印技术制作了一组10颗带有红色牙髓的透明训练牙齿，由于牙齿的透明度，可用于以可控方式训练开髓腔预备。本科生（n = 27）和牙医（n = 10）每人总共预备13个（训练前1个，训练后2个）开髓腔。通过CBCT对物质损失进行量化，并通过问卷评估用户满意度。配对t检验用于比较训练前和训练后物质损失和操作时间的均值。非配对t检验用于比较学生和牙医之间的差异。显著性水平设定为α = 0.05。
学生（71.4对54.68立方毫米；p = 0.069）和牙医（67.3对51.1立方毫米；p = 0.633）训练前后的平均物质损失均有所下降，但差异无统计学意义。学生（420对275秒；p = 0.100）和牙医（336对158秒；p = 0.054）的平均预备时间随训练而减少，但不显著。根管穿孔率也有所下降（学生：6/27对4/27；牙医：1/10对0/10）。尽管材料质地存在差异，但参与者对训练模型的评价很高，认为其非常逼真且有用。
所提出 的3D打印训练套件似乎是本科牙科学生的合适工具，可增加他们在钙化牙中练习开髓腔预备的机会。（EEJ - 2024 - 06 - 091）
