Hussain Nadia, Mohiuddin Farhan, Muccee Fatima, Bunny Saboor Muarij, Al Haddad Amal H I
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain, Al Ain Campus, United Arab Emirates.
AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi Campus, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Pol J Microbiol. 2025 Mar 26;74(1):33-47. doi: 10.33073/pjm-2025-003. eCollection 2025 Mar 1.
Benzene is a pervasive contaminant and human carcinogen. Its remediation from environmental resources using conventional procedures has always been challenging due to high cost and incomplete benzene degradation. The present study was designed to explore highly efficient bacteria with benzene degrading potential from tannery industry soil, which might be used as an alternative to these conventional benzene removal remedies. Bacterial isolation was performed using benzene (80 μl/1,000 ml) supplemented with minimal salt media (MSM). Characterization of isolates was carried out by performing growth curve analysis, Gram staining, biochemical characterization via Remel RapID NF PLUS System (Thermo Scientific™, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., USA), antibiotic sensitivity profiling, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, benzene removal efficiency estimation assay, FTIR, and GC-MS profiling. Five bacteria isolated in the present study were identified as PUB1, PUB2, PUB3, PUB4, and PUB6. All of these fast-growing bacteria were Gram-positive except PUB1. Maximum benzene removal efficiency (30 mg/l per 25 h) was found in PUB2. Comparing the FTIR spectra of bacterial culture supernatant versus control revealed the peaks shifting corresponding to benzene ring bonds breaking. GC-MS analysis identified the metabolic intermediates from benzoate methylation and benzaldehyde pathways. These bacteria can be employed for benzene degradation via enzyme-based nanoparticle synthesis or cloning of relevant genes in eco-friendly expression systems.
苯是一种普遍存在的污染物和人类致癌物。由于成本高昂且苯降解不完全，使用传统方法从环境资源中修复苯一直具有挑战性。本研究旨在从制革工业土壤中探索具有苯降解潜力的高效细菌，这可能用作这些传统苯去除补救措施的替代方法。使用添加了微量盐培养基（MSM）的苯（80微升/1000毫升）进行细菌分离。通过进行生长曲线分析、革兰氏染色、使用Remel RapID NF PLUS系统（美国赛默飞世尔科技公司的赛默飞世尔™）进行生化鉴定、抗生素敏感性分析、16S rRNA基因测序、苯去除效率评估试验、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）分析来对分离出的细菌进行表征。本研究中分离出的五种细菌被鉴定为PUB1、PUB2、PUB3、PUB4和PUB6。除PUB1外，所有这些快速生长的细菌均为革兰氏阳性。在PUB2中发现了最高的苯去除效率（每25小时30毫克/升）。将细菌培养上清液与对照的FTIR光谱进行比较，发现对应于苯环键断裂的峰发生了移动。GC-MS分析确定了苯甲酸甲酯化和苯甲醛途径的代谢中间体。这些细菌可通过基于酶的纳米颗粒合成或在生态友好型表达系统中克隆相关基因来用于苯的降解。
