Rabichi Imad, Ezzahi Kawtar, Yaacoubi Fatima Ezzahra, Izghri Zaina, Ennaciri Karima, Ounas Abdelaziz, Yaacoubi Abdelrani, Baçaoui Abdelaziz, Hafidi Mohamed, El Fels Loubna
Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Biomass, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, 40000, Morocco; Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnologies Agrosciences and Environment, Labeled Research Unit-CNRST N°4, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, 40000, Morocco.
Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnologies Agrosciences and Environment, Labeled Research Unit-CNRST N°4, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, 40000, Morocco.
Chemosphere. 2025 May;377:144356. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144356. Epub 2025 Mar 26.
This study explores the treatment of olive mill wastewater (OMWW) using activated carbon derived from olive mill solid waste (OMSW). The OMSW was first converted into biochar on a pilot scale and then activated using potassium hydroxide (KOH) and phosphoric acid (HPO). Characterization revealed that AC/KOH had a higher BET surface area (829 m g) than AC/HPO (749 m g). Fixed-bed column experiments showed breakthrough times of 250 min for AC/KOH and 220 min for AC/HPO. The adsorption capacities determined by the Thomas model were 275.9 mg g for total phenolics (TP), 774.7 mg g for total organic carbon (TOC) with AC/KOH, and 309.1 mg g for TP, 823.5 mg g for TOC with AC/HPO. The Adams-Bohart model showed kinetic constants (K) of 0.332 for TP and 3.66∗10 for TOC with AC/KOH, compared to 0.1926 for TP and 2.21∗10 for TOC with AC/HPO. The Yoon-Nelson model indicated τ values of 171.57 min for TP 60.39 min for TOC with AC/KOH, 111.79 min for TP, and 41.75 min for TOC with AC/HPO. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed hydroxytyrosol concentration decreased from 4.9 g.L to 0.37 g.L with AC/HPO and 0.42 g.L with AC/KOH. The total phenolic concentration reduced from 5.57 g.L in untreated OMWW to 0.66 g.L with AC/HPO and 0.84 g.L with AC/KOH. These results demonstrate that both activated carbons effectively reduce phenolic concentrations. This study achieves some of the highest adsorption capacities reported for OMWW treatment, this technique demonstrates the outstanding performance of the developed materials. Unlike most research, which focuses on static conditions, less than 10 % of studies explore dynamic fixed-bed setups, underscoring the novelty of this work. The materials can be easily integrated into conventional treatment processes, providing a cost-effective and sustainable solution. By utilizing byproducts from the olive oil industry to treat its wastewater, the approach creates a closed-loop system. Furthermore, the activated carbons are regenerable and reusable, enhancing their practicality while enabling the recovery of valuable polyphenols for added resource valorization.
本研究探索了使用源自橄榄油厂固体废物（OMSW）的活性炭处理橄榄油厂废水（OMWW）的方法。首先在中试规模上将OMSW转化为生物炭，然后用氢氧化钾（KOH）和磷酸（HPO）进行活化。表征结果显示，AC/KOH的BET表面积（829 m²/g）高于AC/HPO（749 m²/g）。固定床柱实验表明，AC/KOH的穿透时间为250分钟，AC/HPO为220分钟。用托马斯模型确定的吸附容量，对于总酚（TP），AC/KOH为275.9 mg/g，总有机碳（TOC）为774.7 mg/g；对于TP，AC/HPO为309.1 mg/g，TOC为823.5 mg/g。亚当斯-博哈特模型显示，对于TP，AC/KOH的动力学常数（K）为0.332，TOC为3.66×10；而对于TP，AC/HPO的动力学常数为0.1926，TOC为2.21×10。尹-尼尔森模型表明，对于TP，AC/KOH的τ值为171.57分钟，TOC为60.39分钟；对于TP，AC/HPO为111.79分钟，TOC为41.75分钟。高效液相色谱（HPLC）分析表明，使用AC/HPO时，羟基酪醇浓度从4.9 g/L降至0.37 g/L，使用AC/KOH时降至0.42 g/L。总酚浓度从未处理的OMWW中的5.57 g/L降至使用AC/HPO时的0.66 g/L和使用AC/KOH时的0.84 g/L。这些结果表明，两种活性炭均能有效降低酚类浓度。本研究实现了一些报道中用于OMWW处理的最高吸附容量，该技术证明了所开发材料的卓越性能。与大多数专注于静态条件的研究不同，不到10%的研究探索动态固定床设置，突出了本工作的新颖性。这些材料可轻松集成到传统处理工艺中，提供了一种经济高效且可持续的解决方案。通过利用橄榄油行业的副产品处理其废水，该方法创建了一个闭环系统。此外，活性炭可再生和重复使用，提高了其实用性，同时能够回收有价值的多酚以增加资源价值。
