Hearne Síofra, McDonnell Muireann, Lavan Amanda Hanora, Davies Andrew
School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland.
Mercer's Institute for Successful Ageing, St. James's Hospital, D08 NYH1 Dublin, Ireland.
Cancers (Basel). 2025 Mar 9;17(6):928. doi: 10.3390/cancers17060928.
Cancer-related cognitive decline refers to a deterioration in cognitive function affecting adults with cancer at any stage of their cancer journey. Older adults are at increased risk of cognitive decline. As the indications for immune checkpoint inhibitors expand in the treatment of cancer, understanding the potential complicating cognitive issues experienced by those receiving this therapy will be important. The aim of this scoping review is to identify the literature regarding immune checkpoint inhibitors and subjective/objective decline, to identify evidence in older adults, differences between older and younger adults, and outline areas for further research. Four large electronic databases were searched. Records were screened using standardised methodology. Ten studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria for review. Six studies objectively evaluated cognitive function in adults receiving ICI treatment; eight studies performed subjective cognitive assessments. There were differences identified in the cognitive assessment tools used and the methodology between studies. Few studies reported on age-dependent findings. The results of this scoping review highlight the need for further research in this area using standardised methodology and testing, with a particular focus on the cognitive outcomes of older adults who may be at increased risk of developing cognitive decline while on treatment.
癌症相关认知衰退是指在癌症病程的任何阶段，影响成年癌症患者的认知功能恶化。老年人出现认知衰退的风险更高。随着免疫检查点抑制剂在癌症治疗中的应用指征不断扩大，了解接受该疗法的患者可能出现的认知相关潜在复杂问题将具有重要意义。本综述的目的是识别有关免疫检查点抑制剂与主观/客观衰退的文献，确定老年人中的证据、老年人与年轻人之间的差异，并概述进一步研究的领域。检索了四个大型电子数据库。使用标准化方法筛选记录。确定了10项符合纳入标准的研究以供综述。6项研究客观评估了接受免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的成年人的认知功能；8项研究进行了主观认知评估。研究中使用的认知评估工具和方法存在差异。很少有研究报告年龄依赖性结果。本综述的结果强调，需要在该领域使用标准化方法和测试进行进一步研究，尤其要关注在治疗期间可能出现认知衰退风险增加的老年人的认知结果。
