Kolivand Pirhossein, Saberian Peyman, Arabloo Jalal, Namdar Peyman, Doroudi Taher, Marashi Ali, Behzadifar Masoud, Karimi Fereshte, Rajaei Soheila, Raei Behzad, Ehsanzadeh Seyed Jafar, Parvari Arash, Azari Samad
Research Center for Emergency and Disaster Resilience, Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Health Economics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
Front Public Health. 2025 Mar 13;13:1451591. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1451591. eCollection 2025.
This study aims to investigate the patterns of hospitalization, mortality, and services provided to Iranian Hajj pilgrims from 2013 to 2022 by age, sex, and province.
We conducted a pooled cross-sectional study in 2023, encompassing all Iranian Hajj pilgrims from 2013 to 2022. We examined pilgrim hospitalization by age, sex, and province using a Poisson regression model, incorporating demographic variables. Data extraction was performed using file reading methods, and analysis using Excel 2019 and SPSS 27 software.
The highest mortality among Iranian pilgrims was recorded in 2015 ( = 509, 74.3%), primarily affecting those aged 45-70 ( = 442, 64.5%). Male pilgrims experienced a greater mortality count (580, 84.7%) compared to female pilgrims (105, 18.1%). The main causes of death by province were the Mina stampede and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The number of hospitalizations reached its highest level in 2019 (89,492 cases) and was at its lowest in 2022 (38,947 cases). Tehran province reported the greatest number of hospitalizations (73,168 cases), while Ilam (723 cases) and Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces (868 cases) had the fewest. With the exception of heart attacks, other factors significantly impacted the average number of pilgrim hospitalizations at a 5% error level. For instance, the hospitalization figure for female pilgrims was 0.73 times that of male pilgrims, and each additional unit of pilgrimage contributed to a 0.05% increase in hospitalizations.
Tackling the public health challenges associated with mass gatherings is crucial for protecting the health of attendees and ensuring the safety of communities. Effective strategic planning, focused interventions, and strong health surveillance systems are essential to reduce risks and build resilience for future events.
本研究旨在按年龄、性别和省份调查2013年至2022年期间伊朗朝觐朝圣者的住院模式、死亡率及所提供的服务。
我们于2023年进行了一项汇总横断面研究，涵盖2013年至2022年期间所有伊朗朝觐朝圣者。我们使用泊松回归模型，纳入人口统计学变量，按年龄、性别和省份对朝圣者的住院情况进行了研究。数据提取采用文件读取方法，并使用Excel 2019和SPSS 27软件进行分析。
伊朗朝圣者的最高死亡率出现在2015年（=509，74.3%），主要影响45至70岁的人群（=442，64.5%）。男性朝圣者的死亡人数（580，84.7%）高于女性朝圣者（105，18.1%）。按省份划分，主要死因是米纳踩踏事件和心血管疾病（CVD）。住院人数在2019年达到最高水平（89,492例），在2022年降至最低（38,947例）。德黑兰省报告的住院人数最多（73,168例），而伊拉姆省（723例）以及科吉卢耶-博韦艾哈迈德省（868例）的住院人数最少。除心脏病发作外，其他因素在5%的误差水平上对朝圣者的平均住院人数有显著影响。例如，女性朝圣者的住院人数是男性朝圣者的0.73倍，每次额外的朝圣活动会使住院人数增加0.05%。
应对与大规模集会相关的公共卫生挑战对于保护参与者的健康和确保社区安全至关重要。有效的战略规划、有针对性的干预措施和强大的健康监测系统对于降低风险和增强应对未来事件的复原力至关重要。
