Martin Alex F, Smith Louise E, Brooks Samantha K, Stein Madeline V, Davies Rachel, Amlôt Richard, Greenberg Neil, Rubin Gideon James
Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, London, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2025 Mar 28;20(3):e0310851. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310851. eCollection 2025.
To synthesise evidence on the impact of self-isolation at home on the psychological and emotional wellbeing of adults in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic.
This systematic review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022378140). We searched Medline, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Embase, and grey literature. Wellbeing included adverse mental health outcomes and adaptive wellbeing. We followed PRISMA and synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) guidelines. We extracted data on the impact of self-isolation on wellbeing, and factors associated with and interventions targeting wellbeing during self-isolation.
Thirty-six studies were included. The mode quality rating was 'high-risk'. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were most investigated. Evidence for an impact of self-isolation on wellbeing was often inconsistent in quantitative studies, although qualitative studies consistently reported a negative impact. People with pre-existing mental and physical health needs reported increased symptoms of mental ill health during self-isolation. Studies reported modifiable stressors that have been reported in previous infectious disease contexts, such as inadequate support, poor coping strategies, inadequate and conflicting information, and highlighted the importance of regular contact from trusted healthcare professionals. Interventions targeting psychological wellbeing were rare and evaluative studies of these had high or very high risk of bias.
When implementing self-isolation directives, public health officials should prioritise support for individuals who have pre-existing mental or physical health needs, lack support, or who are facing significant life stressors. Focus should be directed toward interventions that address loneliness, worries, and misinformation, whilst monitoring and identifying individuals in need of additional support.
综合关于在新冠疫情期间居家自我隔离对普通人群中成年人心理和情绪健康影响的证据。
本系统评价已在国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（PROSPERO，注册号：CRD42022378140）登记。我们检索了医学期刊数据库（Medline）、心理学文摘数据库（PsycINFO）、科学引文索引数据库（Web of Science）、荷兰医学文摘数据库（Embase）及灰色文献。健康状况包括不良心理健康结果和适应性健康状况。我们遵循系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）以及非Meta分析的综合方法（SWiM）指南。我们提取了关于自我隔离对健康状况影响的数据，以及与自我隔离期间健康状况相关的因素和针对健康状况的干预措施。
纳入36项研究。模式质量评级为“高风险”。抑郁和焦虑症状是研究最多的。尽管定性研究一致报告有负面影响，但在定量研究中，自我隔离对健康状况影响的证据往往不一致。已有心理和身体健康需求的人在自我隔离期间报告心理健康问题症状增加。研究报告了在以往传染病情况下出现的可改变的压力源，如支持不足、应对策略不佳、信息不足和相互矛盾，并强调了来自可信赖的医疗保健专业人员定期联系的重要性。针对心理健康的干预措施很少，对这些措施的评估研究存在高或非常高的偏倚风险。
在实施自我隔离指令时，公共卫生官员应优先支持那些已有心理或身体健康需求、缺乏支持或面临重大生活压力源的个人。应将重点放在解决孤独感、担忧和错误信息的干预措施上，同时监测和识别需要额外支持的个人。
