Wang Zhuning, Pian Sijie, Zhang Yulei, Ma Yaoguang
College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zheda road 38, Hangzhou, 310058, CHINA.
College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zheda road 38, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, CHINA.
Rep Prog Phys. 2025 Mar 28. doi: 10.1088/1361-6633/adc69d.
Amidst the escalating environmental concerns driven by global warming and the detrimental impacts of extreme climates, energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions associated with refrigeration have reached unprecedented levels. Radiative cooling, as an emerging renewable cooling technology, has been positioned as a pivotal strategy in the fight against global warming. This review examines the theoretical model of radiative cooling emitters and complex practical environment. We first investigate the thermodynamic interactions between environmental factors and the cooling surface, followed by an examination of innovative modulation techniques such as asymmetric/non-reciprocal radiative heat transfer mechanisms. Additionally, we summarize the latest advancements in structural design and simulation methodologies for radiative cooling materials at the device level. We then delve into potential applications of radiative cooling materials in various scenarios including energy-efficient construction, personal thermal management, photovoltaic cooling, and dynamic PDRC materials with seasonal adaptability. In conclusion, we provide a comprehensive overview of this technology's strengths and current challenges to inspire further research and application development in radiative cooling technology with a focus on contributing towards energy conservation objectives and promoting a sustainable society.
在全球变暖引发的环境问题不断升级以及极端气候的不利影响下，制冷相关的能源消耗和温室气体排放已达到前所未有的水平。辐射制冷作为一种新兴的可再生制冷技术，已被定位为应对全球变暖的关键策略。本综述研究了辐射制冷发射器的理论模型和复杂的实际环境。我们首先研究环境因素与冷却表面之间的热力学相互作用，接着考察诸如不对称/非互易辐射传热机制等创新调制技术。此外，我们总结了器件级辐射制冷材料在结构设计和模拟方法方面的最新进展。然后，我们深入探讨辐射制冷材料在各种场景中的潜在应用，包括节能建筑、个人热管理、光伏冷却以及具有季节适应性的动态被动日间辐射制冷材料。总之，我们全面概述了该技术的优势和当前面临的挑战，以激发对辐射制冷技术的进一步研究和应用开发，重点是为实现节能目标和促进可持续社会做出贡献。
