da Silva Dias Weslla, Santiago Juliano Martins, da Silva Alisson Herculano, de Souza Araujo Pinto Damilly, da Silva Aryane Ribeiro, de Melo Júnior Edson Ferreira, da Silva Kimberlly Mayara Leite, Oliveira João Tiago Correia, Bispo Safira Valença, Lucena Jorge Eduardo Cavalcante
Federal University of Pernambuco Agreste, Garanhuns, Pernambuco, 52296-901, Brazil.
Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, 56903-900, Brazil.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2025 Mar 31;57(3):143. doi: 10.1007/s11250-025-04361-3.
This study aimed to determine total production and milk composition of female donkeys of the Nordestino ecotype. A sample of 14 donkey females was used in a completely randomized split-split-plot experimental design in which the plots comprised two groups (primiparous and multiparous females), the split-plots comprised nine evaluation periods, and the split-split-plots comprised the daily evaluation times (every two hours). Total milk production was determined by weighing the foals before and after suckling events. The data were submitted to analysis of variance, means tests, and multivariate principal component analysis. No difference (P > 0.05) was found between the groups regarding milk production, daily evaluation times, pH, or milk contents of lactose, protein, and fat. The donkeys produced on average 5.0 kg milk/day, with the highest mean production around 40 days of lactation. The donkey milk samples had pH close to neutral after the 15th day and protein content progressively decreased over lactation. A negative correlation (r = -56.92; P < 0.0001) was also observed between milk pH and protein concentration. Milk fat content followed a behavior similar to that of protein content, while lactose content differed (P < 0.05) between evaluation days, with the lowest concentration found in colostrum. It is concluded that female donkeys of the Nordestino ecotype produce an average of 5.0 kg milk/day and its composition varies over the first six months of lactation.
本研究旨在确定东北生态型雌性驴的总产奶量和乳成分。在完全随机裂区-裂-裂区试验设计中使用了14头雌性驴样本，其中区组包括两组（初产母驴和经产母驴），裂区包括九个评估期，裂-裂区包括每日评估时间（每两小时一次）。通过在哺乳前后称量幼驹体重来确定总产奶量。数据进行了方差分析、均值检验和多元主成分分析。在产奶量、每日评估时间、pH值或乳糖、蛋白质和脂肪的乳含量方面，两组之间未发现差异（P>0.05）。这些驴平均每天产奶5.0千克，泌乳约40天时平均产奶量最高。第15天后驴奶样本的pH值接近中性，且蛋白质含量在整个泌乳期逐渐下降。还观察到乳pH值与蛋白质浓度之间呈负相关（r=-56.92；P<0.0001）。乳脂肪含量的变化趋势与蛋白质含量相似，而乳糖含量在评估日之间存在差异（P<0.05），初乳中乳糖浓度最低。得出的结论是，东北生态型雌性驴平均每天产奶5.0千克，其成分在泌乳的前六个月会发生变化。
