Handajani Juni, Susilowati Heni, Cahyani Yesica Dea, Rahma Shafira Zakia
Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.
Department of Dental Material, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.
J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2025 Mar 13;20(2):201-208. doi: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.02.016. eCollection 2025 Apr.
The initial stage of the wound healing process is the inflammatory phase involving cellular and molecular mechanisms. Traumatic ulcers can develop due to injuries to the oral mucosa. Natural ingredients could potentially be used as medicines to treat wounds in the oral cavity, including pineapple extract containing bromelain enzymes.
This study evaluated the effects of applying pineapple extract ( (L.) Merr) nanoemulgel on the inflammatory phase in the traumatic ulcer healing process.
Twenty-four male Wistar rats aged 2-3 months were injured with a punch biopsy (Ø 3 mm) in the buccal mucosa. Subjects were randomly assigned to a positive control group (Aloclair Plus Gel®) and treatment group (pineapple extract nanoemulgel), where each group contained 12 rats. Gel was applied to the surface of the wound in the buccal mucosa each day for 4 days. Four rats were sacrificed on days 0, 1, 2, and 3, and specimens were prepared for histological assessment. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to assess the number of neutrophils and immunohistochemical staining to determine COX-2 expression. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and using the least significant difference test (LSD).
The results showed that compared with the control, the wound diameter was significantly smaller in the treatment group and the number of neutrophils and COX-2 expression level were significantly higher ( < 0.05). The number of neutrophils peaked on day 1 and the COX-2 expression level on day 3. These findings indicate that pineapple stem extract could accelerate wound healing.
Following induction of a traumatic ulcer with a small diameter, a greater number of neutrophils and higher COX-2 expression level were found in the group treated using pineapple extract nanoemulgel compared with the control.
伤口愈合过程的初始阶段是涉及细胞和分子机制的炎症阶段。创伤性溃疡可因口腔黏膜损伤而发生。天然成分有可能用作治疗口腔伤口的药物，包括含有菠萝蛋白酶的菠萝提取物。
本研究评估了应用菠萝提取物（(L.) Merr）纳米乳凝胶对创伤性溃疡愈合过程中炎症阶段的影响。
选用24只2 - 3月龄雄性Wistar大鼠，在颊黏膜处用活检打孔器（直径3 mm）造成损伤。将实验对象随机分为阳性对照组（Aloclair Plus Gel®）和治疗组（菠萝提取物纳米乳凝胶），每组12只大鼠。每天在颊黏膜伤口表面涂抹凝胶，持续4天。在第0、1、2和3天处死4只大鼠，制备标本进行组织学评估。采用苏木精和伊红染色评估中性粒细胞数量，采用免疫组织化学染色测定COX - 2表达。数据采用方差分析（ANOVA）和最小显著差检验（LSD）进行分析。
结果显示，与对照组相比，治疗组伤口直径明显更小，中性粒细胞数量和COX - 2表达水平明显更高（< 0.05）。中性粒细胞数量在第1天达到峰值，COX - 2表达水平在第3天达到峰值。这些发现表明菠萝茎提取物可加速伤口愈合。
在诱导产生小直径创伤性溃疡后，与对照组相比，使用菠萝提取物纳米乳凝胶治疗的组中发现有更多的中性粒细胞和更高的COX - 2表达水平。
