Hong Xiafang, Zhang Zhi, Wan Zhiwei
Yuzhang Normal University, Nanchang, China.
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, China.
PLoS One. 2025 Mar 31;20(3):e0318528. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0318528. eCollection 2025.
Soil heavy metal pollution including Cd, is the main factor that causes the decline of ecological environment quality, the excessive content in crops and the harm to human health. Phytoremediation is one of the important ways to control heavy metals, which has both ecological and economic benefits. However, most plant species have limited remediation ability and cannot achieve good heavy metal removal effect. In contrast, P. hydridum, easy to cultivate, has large biomass and short growth cycle, shows strong restoration ability in the treatment of heavy metal polluted soil. In order to explore its phytoremediation in Cd-polluted soils under appropriate agronomic measures, this experiment adopts the field random block experiment design to study the control effect and application safety of the application of organic fertilizers (warm castings and biogas slurry) to plant it in the Cd-polluted farmland. The results showed the Cd in the soil after P. hydridum harvesting was 0.53-0.56 mg/kg, and the partial Cd in the shoot was 0.21-0.28 mg/kg (fresh weight), and the enrichment coefficients were all greater than 1, and the extraction amount and efficiency of Cd were 7.17-9.43 mg/m2 and 5.71%-7.01%, respectively. All those data express a decrease in Cd under various treatment conditions, indicating that, P. hydridum can grow under high concentration and it has a certain enrichment effect on Cd, especially in the application of organic fertilizers, which could not only improve the growth performance of the plant, but also improve the soil, much better than that of other Cd hyper-accumulators. Moreover, the positive correlation between the biomass allocation rate and Cd in the soil reflects that the biomass allocation of the plant behaved in different ways with the increase of Cd oil. It is also feasible in terms of application safety due to a long and gradual process to enrich Cd in soil. This study made a proof that it would be a green and environmentally friendly treatment method by making good use of its high biomass to adsorb and remove heavy metals from soil, which would have a good application prospect and development value.
包括镉在内的土壤重金属污染是导致生态环境质量下降、作物中含量超标以及危害人体健康的主要因素。植物修复是控制重金属污染的重要途径之一，具有生态和经济效益。然而，大多数植物物种的修复能力有限，无法取得良好的重金属去除效果。相比之下，杂交狼尾草易于栽培，生物量大，生长周期短，在重金属污染土壤治理中表现出较强的修复能力。为了探索在适当农艺措施下其对镉污染土壤的植物修复效果，本试验采用田间随机区组试验设计，研究在镉污染农田中施用有机肥（蚯蚓粪和沼液）种植杂交狼尾草的防治效果及应用安全性。结果表明，杂交狼尾草收获后土壤中镉含量为0.53 - 0.56mg/kg，地上部分镉含量为0.21 - 0.28mg/kg（鲜重），富集系数均大于1，镉的提取量和提取效率分别为7.17 - 9.43mg/m²和5.71% - 7.01%。所有这些数据表明不同处理条件下镉含量均有所降低，说明杂交狼尾草能够在高浓度镉环境下生长，对镉具有一定的富集作用，尤其是在施用有机肥的情况下，不仅能提高植物生长性能，还能改良土壤，效果优于其他镉超富集植物。此外，生物量分配率与土壤中镉含量呈正相关，反映出植物生物量分配随土壤镉含量增加呈现不同变化。从应用安全性来看也是可行的，因为土壤中镉的富集过程漫长且渐进。本研究证明，利用其高生物量吸附和去除土壤中的重金属是一种绿色环保的处理方法，具有良好的应用前景和开发价值。
