Tan Wen, Jiang Lu, Yu Kuangyang, Pan Yuyang, Yang Yubin, Pang Jinwei, Bao Kunyang, Huang Changren, Peng Jianhua, Jiang Yong
Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
J Neurosurg Case Lessons. 2025 Mar 31;9(13). doi: 10.3171/CASE24622.
A carotid artery cavernous sinus fistula (CCF) is an abnormal shunt of blood vessels, allowing blood to flow directly or indirectly from the carotid artery into the cavernous sinus. The most common cause of spontaneous CCF (s-CCF) is ruptured internal carotid-cavernous sinus aneurysms, while fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is rare. FMD is a rare, idiopathic, segmental, noninflammatory, and nonatherosclerotic disease of medium-sized arteries, characterized by abnormal cell proliferation and distortion of arterial wall architecture. The authors report the case of a patient with CCF with FMD.
The authors report the case of a young woman with s-CCF who was effectively treated with coiling and balloon compression. Subsequently, she was shown to have FMD susceptibility genes using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) testing in the follow-up phase.
The authors report the case of s-CCF caused by FMD in a young patient. SNP testing validated the existence of FMD susceptibility genes. The patient successfully recuperated following endovascular embolization therapy. For patients with s-CCF, the possibility of FMD should be considered, especially in young women with a family history. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24622.
颈动脉海绵窦瘘（CCF）是一种异常的血管分流，使血液直接或间接从颈动脉流入海绵窦。自发性CCF（s-CCF）最常见的原因是颈内动脉海绵窦段动脉瘤破裂，而纤维肌发育不良（FMD）则较为罕见。FMD是一种罕见的、特发性的、节段性的、非炎症性的、非动脉粥样硬化性的中动脉疾病，其特征是细胞异常增殖和动脉壁结构扭曲。作者报告了一例患有CCF合并FMD的患者。
作者报告了一例患有s-CCF的年轻女性患者，通过弹簧圈栓塞和球囊压迫得到有效治疗。随后，在随访阶段通过单核苷酸多态性（SNP）检测显示她具有FMD易感基因。
作者报告了一例年轻患者中由FMD引起的s-CCF病例。SNP检测证实了FMD易感基因的存在。该患者在血管内栓塞治疗后成功康复。对于s-CCF患者，应考虑FMD的可能性，尤其是有家族史的年轻女性。https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24622。
