Zhang Z, Lu J Y, Han Y H, Wang Y H, Su S B, Li X D
School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China Institute of Occupational Health Assessment, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment (Guangdong Provincial Occupational Health Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control), Guangzhou 510300, China.
Institute of Occupational Health Assessment, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment (Guangdong Provincial Occupational Health Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control), Guangzhou 510300, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2025 Mar 20;43(3):189-195. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240422-00182.
To observe the current status of the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) by the dust working population, and to analyze the factors affecting its use, so as to provide a reference basis for proposing scientific intervention methods. From October to December 2023, random sampling method was used to conduct a self-designed Questionnaire on the Use of Personal Protective Equipment by the Dust Working Population. A total of 1216 dust workers were randomly selected from each city in Guangdong Province, and their mask wearing status was evaluated. The Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for comparison between measurement data sets, and the Chi-square test or Fisher exact probability method was used for counting data. A binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting the use of PPE in dust workers. The correct rate of wearing PPE in dust working group was 66.12% (804/1216). In univariate analysis, there were statistical significances in different knowledge score, wearing PPE to reduce exposure to dust particles, wearing occupational health protective equipment such as masks was uncomfortable, wearing occupational health protective equipment such as masks reduced work efficiency, attending pre-employment occupational health examination, attending occupational health examination on a regular basis, receiving occupational health training during work in the enterprise, being urged or reminded by workmates, supervisors, or family members to use PPE, the correct use of PPE when workers or shift leaders were exposed to dust particles, second-hand smoke inhalation, smoking, and alcohol consumption (<0.05). Multiple logistic regression results showed that gender (=2.00, 95%: 1.48-2.72), knowledge score (=1.18, 95% : 1.11-1.26), neutral attitude towards the discomfort of wearing occupational health protective equipment such as masks during work (=1.64, 95%: 1.18-2.27), and participation in pre-job occupational health examination (=0.23, 95%: 0.10-0.54) were the main influencing factors on the use of PPE to be worn correctly (<0.05) . The rate of correct wearing of PPE for dust working population still needs to be improved. Factors such as gender, knowledge score, neutral attitude towards the discomfort of wearing masks during work, and participation in pre-job occupational health examination may be the influencing factors on the use of PPE for dust working population.
观察粉尘作业人群个人防护用品（PPE）的使用现状，分析影响其使用的因素，为提出科学的干预方法提供参考依据。2023年10月至12月，采用随机抽样方法，对粉尘作业人群个人防护用品使用情况进行自行设计问卷调查。从广东省各城市随机抽取1216名粉尘作业工人，评估其口罩佩戴情况。计量资料组间比较采用Wilcoxon秩和检验，计数资料采用χ²检验或Fisher确切概率法。采用二元logistic回归模型分析影响粉尘作业工人个人防护用品使用的因素。粉尘作业组个人防护用品佩戴正确率为66.12%（804/1216）。单因素分析结果显示，不同知识得分、佩戴个人防护用品可减少接触粉尘颗粒、佩戴口罩等职业健康防护用品不舒服、佩戴口罩等职业健康防护用品会降低工作效率、参加岗前职业健康检查、定期参加职业健康检查、企业工作期间接受职业健康培训、被同事、上级或家人督促或提醒使用个人防护用品、工人或班组长接触粉尘颗粒时正确使用个人防护用品、吸入二手烟、吸烟、饮酒等方面差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，性别（OR=2.00，95%CI：1.48-2.72）、知识得分（OR=1.18，95%CI：1.11-1.26）、对工作时佩戴口罩等职业健康防护用品不舒服持中立态度（OR=1.64，95%CI：1.18-2.27）、参加岗前职业健康检查（OR=0.23，95%CI：0.10-0.54）是正确佩戴个人防护用品的主要影响因素（P<0.05）。粉尘作业人群个人防护用品正确佩戴率仍有待提高。性别、知识得分、对工作时佩戴口罩不舒服持中立态度、参加岗前职业健康检查等因素可能是影响粉尘作业人群个人防护用品使用的因素。
