Yang Guang, Zuo Ying, Cheng Haoxuan, Zhang Lufa
School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 1954, Huashan Road, Shanghai, Xuhui District, 200030, China.
Institute of Healthy Yangtze River Delta, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Mar 31;25(1):1216. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-21627-5.
Depression and anxiety disorders are increasingly prevalent worldwide due to ongoing economic and social transformations, positioning them as major mental health concerns. Research indicates that favorable natural environments and high-quality social interactions can positively affect residents' mental health and well-being. However, studies exploring the mechanisms through which environmental perceptions influence depression and anxiety are still limited.
This study utilizes data from the Health Life Satisfaction Survey of Yangtze River Phase II Delta (HLSSYRD II), collected between December 2023 and January 2024. Linear mixed-effects models were employed for data analysis.
A total of 1,752 observations were included in this study. The mean score for the "Depression and Anxiety (HAD)" variable was 26.01 (SE = 6.99), with "Depression" scoring 13.15 (SE = 3.78) and "Anxiety" scoring 12.85 (SE = 3.75) among individuals in the Yangtze River Delta, China (YRDC). There was a strong negative correlation between depression, anxiety and environmental perception (β = -0.187, SE = 0.03, p < 0.001; β = -0.152, SE = 0.03, p < 0.001). Furthermore, social interaction significantly mediated the relationship between environmental perception and HAD. In addition, factors such as gender, chronic illness, marital status, occupation, level of education and monthly personal income were associated with depression and anxiety.
Individuals with poorer environmental perceptions were more likely to experience symptoms of depression and anxiety than individuals with better environmental perceptions in the YRDC. This relationship is partly moderated by social interactions.
由于持续的经济和社会变革，抑郁症和焦虑症在全球范围内日益普遍，成为主要的心理健康问题。研究表明，良好的自然环境和高质量的社会互动可以对居民的心理健康和幸福感产生积极影响。然而，探索环境感知影响抑郁和焦虑的机制的研究仍然有限。
本研究利用2023年12月至2024年1月期间收集的长江三角洲地区二期健康生活满意度调查（HLSSYRD II）的数据。采用线性混合效应模型进行数据分析。
本研究共纳入1752个观测值。在中国长江三角洲地区（YRDC），个体的“抑郁与焦虑（HAD）”变量平均得分是26.01（标准误=6.99），其中“抑郁”得分为13.15（标准误=3.78），“焦虑”得分为12.85（标准误=3.75）。抑郁、焦虑与环境感知之间存在很强的负相关（β=-0.187，标准误=0.03，p<0.001；β=-0.152，标准误=0.03，p<0.001）。此外，社会互动显著中介了环境感知与HAD之间的关系。另外，性别、慢性病、婚姻状况、职业、教育水平和个人月收入等因素与抑郁和焦虑有关。
在长江三角洲地区，环境感知较差的个体比环境感知较好的个体更有可能出现抑郁和焦虑症状。这种关系部分由社会互动调节。
