埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴部分年轻女性的紧急避孕知识、使用情况及其决定因素

Emergency contraception knowledge, utilization and its determinants among selected young females in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

作者信息

Erko Feven Berhanu, Demissie Bezawit Negash, Yabeyu Abdella Birhan, Haile Kaleab Taye, Bilal Arebu Issa

机构信息

Department of Pharmaceutics and Social Pharmacy, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Department of Pharmacy, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.

出版信息

Contracept Reprod Med. 2025 Mar 31;10(1):24. doi: 10.1186/s40834-025-00344-9.

DOI:10.1186/s40834-025-00344-9

PMID:40165323

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11956463/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Emergency Contraceptives (EC) can play an important role in public health by preventing unwanted pregnancy and unsafe abortion, thereby reducing associated health risks and social and economic problems. In Ethiopia, early initiation of sex coupled with inadequate awareness and lower utilization of EC highlights the need for studies to assess knowledge and utilization of EC and its determinant factors.

OBJECTIVES

This study aims to assess the knowledge and utilization of emergency contraception and identify the factors that influence its use among young females in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

DESIGN AND METHODS

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among selected young women in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from July to September 2021. Participants were selected using convenience sampling. A single proportion formula was used to calculate the sample size. A self-administered structured questionnaire was used, and quantitative data was collected using Google Forms. Collected data was cleaned, entered, and analyzed using SPSS 26.

RESULTS

The response rate of the study was 87.7%. Almost all the participants were aware of EC (98.8%), but only 57.7% of them had good knowledge. Of the 261 participants who had sex, 240(91.2%) used EC. Factors associated with good knowledge about EC included attending university or college (AOR: 1.070, CI: 0.392-2.924, P-value = 0.002) and using EC every time they had sexual intercourse (AOR: 0.171, CI: 0.062-0.474, P-value = 0.001). Additionally, females with good knowledge about EC were 68.1% more likely to use EC compared to those with poor knowledge (AOR: 0.319, CI: 0.114-0.888, P-value: 0.029). Factors positively associated with EC utilization included having good knowledge of EC (AOR: 0.319, CI: 0.114-0.888, P-value: 0.029) and preferring to obtain EC services from pharmacy professionals (AOR: 0.246, CI: 0.072-0.847, P-value = 0.026).

CONCLUSION

This study highlights the need for more information, education, and communication efforts to improve awareness and use of EC.

摘要

背景

紧急避孕药（EC）通过预防意外怀孕和不安全堕胎，可在公共卫生中发挥重要作用，从而降低相关健康风险以及社会和经济问题。在埃塞俄比亚，性行为开始过早，加上对紧急避孕药的认知不足和使用率较低，凸显了开展研究以评估紧急避孕药的知识和使用情况及其决定因素的必要性。

目的

本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴年轻女性对紧急避孕的知识和使用情况，并确定影响其使用的因素。

设计与方法

2021年7月至9月，在埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴选定的年轻女性中开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究。采用便利抽样法选取参与者。使用单比例公式计算样本量。使用自填式结构化问卷，并通过谷歌表格收集定量数据。收集到的数据经过清理、录入，并使用SPSS 26进行分析。

结果

研究的回复率为87.7%。几乎所有参与者都知晓紧急避孕药（98.8%），但其中只有57.7%的人有充分的了解。在261名有过性行为的参与者中，240人（91.2%）使用过紧急避孕药。与对紧急避孕药有充分了解相关的因素包括上大学（比值比：1.070，置信区间：0.392 - 2.924，P值 = 0.002）以及每次发生性行为时都使用紧急避孕药（比值比：0.171，置信区间：0.062 - 0.474，P值 = 0.001）。此外，与了解不足的女性相比，对紧急避孕药有充分了解的女性使用紧急避孕药的可能性高68.1%（比值比：0.319，置信区间：0.114 - 0.888，P值：0.029）。与紧急避孕药使用呈正相关的因素包括对紧急避孕药有充分了解（比值比：0.319，置信区间：0.114 - 0.888，P值：0.029）以及更倾向于从药剂师处获取紧急避孕药服务（比值比：0.246，置信区间：0.072 - 0.847，P值 = 0.026）。