Talebi Ramin, Yu Fei, Tseng Victoria L, Coleman Anne L
Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Ophthalmol Sci. 2024 Dec 30;5(3):100697. doi: 10.1016/j.xops.2024.100697. eCollection 2025 May-Jun.
Food insecurity is a potential risk factor for visual impairment; however, its association with specific eye diseases remains unknown. This study aims to examine the association between food insecurity and chronic eye diseases including glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and cataracts.
Cross-sectional.
Participants of the All of Us (AoU) Research Program, who had electronic health record data and responded to survey questions regarding food insecurity.
Population-based. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associations between food insecurity and each eye disease.
Primary outcomes included glaucoma, AMD, DR, or cataracts, based on the and Revision codes.
A total of 78 694 participants were included in the study population. Of these, 9732 (12.4%) reported food insecurity, 2095 (2.7%) had glaucoma, 1398 (1.8%) had AMD, 1127 (1.4%) had DR, and 10 135 (12.9%) had cataracts. Compared with those without food insecurity, participants with food insecurity had significantly higher odds of glaucoma (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18-1.72, ≤ 0.001) but not of AMD (aOR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.67-1.21, = 0.544), DR (aOR: 1.15, 95% CI: 0.93-1.42, = 0.180), or cataracts (aOR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.87-1.08, = 0.635).
This study found a positive association between food insecurity and glaucoma in the AoU Research Program. Further research should focus on understanding disease-specific mechanisms for this association. Adequate social determinants of health screening and population interventions to improve stable access to healthy food options may prove vital for reducing the risk of eye disease.
Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
粮食不安全是视力损害的一个潜在风险因素；然而，其与特定眼病的关联尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨粮食不安全与包括青光眼、年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）、糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）和白内障在内的慢性眼病之间的关联。
横断面研究。
“我们所有人”（AoU）研究项目的参与者，他们有电子健康记录数据并回答了有关粮食不安全的调查问题。
基于人群。采用多变量逻辑回归分析粮食不安全与每种眼病之间的关联。
根据[具体编码]和[具体编码]修订版代码，主要结局包括青光眼、AMD、DR或白内障。
研究人群共纳入78694名参与者。其中，9732人（12.4%）报告存在粮食不安全，2095人（2.7%）患有青光眼，1398人（1.8%）患有AMD，1127人（1.4%）患有DR，10135人（12.9%）患有白内障。与不存在粮食不安全的参与者相比，存在粮食不安全的参与者患青光眼的几率显著更高（调整后的优势比[aOR]：1.43，95%置信区间[CI]：1.18 - 1.72，P≤0.001），但患AMD（aOR：0.91，95% CI：0.67 - 1.21，P = 0.544）、DR（aOR：1.15，95% CI：0.93 - 1.42，P = 0.180）或白内障（aOR：0.97，95% CI：0.87 - 1.08，P = 0.635）的几率无显著差异。
本研究在AoU研究项目中发现粮食不安全与青光眼之间存在正相关。进一步的研究应侧重于了解这种关联的疾病特异性机制。充分的健康筛查社会决定因素和旨在改善稳定获取健康食物选择的人群干预措施可能对降低眼病风险至关重要。
在本文末尾的脚注和披露中可能会发现专有或商业披露信息。
