Osman Sara, AbdAlla Eltayeb, Ali Ladin, MohamedAli Hoyam, Taha Baraa, Elmahdi Tasneem S A, Mohammed Safaa
Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
MedStat Research Centre, Khartoum, Sudan.
BMC Nephrol. 2025 Apr 1;26(1):167. doi: 10.1186/s12882-025-04094-3.
Anatomical variations in the renal vasculature complicate surgical techniques and necessitate meticulous preoperative planning. This study aims to ascertain the prevalence and patterns of renal vascular variations in potential kidney transplant donors at Ahmed Gasim Teaching Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan, via computed tomography angiography (CTA).
A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 160 potential kidney donors who underwent renal CTA from January to December 2022. Data were collected via a checklist and analyzed with SPSS version 28. Variations in renal arteries, such as accessory renal arteries and premature bifurcations, have been reported and classified. Additional vascular variations were noted.
Of the 160 subjects, 57.5% had normal single renal arteries bilaterally, whereas 42.5% had variations in renal artery anatomy. Accessory renal arteries were identified in 25.6% of the participants, whereas early branching occurred in 17%. Variations were more common in males, with 37% exhibiting accessory renal arteries compared with 16.1% in females (p = 0.008). Bilateral accessory renal arteries were identified in 3.8% of the donors. Circum-aortic left renal vein (1.3%) and Transposition of the inferior vena-cava (1.3%) were also detected.
A notable prevalence of renal artery variations was identified among these potential Sudanese kidney donors, with accessory arteries and early branching being the most common. Recognising such variations is crucial for safe surgical planning and optimal outcomes in kidney transplantation. While this study utilised CT angiography to delineate these vascular patterns, the importance lies in employing accurate and reliable imaging assessments-of which CTA is one valuable option-to guide preoperative evaluation and reduce surgical risks.
Not applicable (this is an observational study).
肾血管的解剖变异使手术技术复杂化，需要细致的术前规划。本研究旨在通过计算机断层血管造影（CTA）确定苏丹喀土穆艾哈迈德·加西姆教学医院潜在肾移植供体中肾血管变异的发生率和模式。
对2022年1月至12月接受肾脏CTA检查的160名潜在肾供体进行描述性横断面研究。通过检查表收集数据，并使用SPSS 28版进行分析。已报告并分类了肾动脉的变异，如副肾动脉和过早分支。还记录了其他血管变异。
在160名受试者中，57.5%双侧肾动脉正常单一，而42.5%存在肾动脉解剖变异。25.6%的参与者发现有副肾动脉，17%出现早期分支。变异在男性中更常见，37%的男性有副肾动脉，而女性为16.1%（p = 0.008）。3.8%的供体发现双侧副肾动脉。还检测到环绕主动脉左肾静脉（1.3%）和下腔静脉转位（1.3%）。
在这些潜在的苏丹肾供体中发现肾动脉变异的发生率显著，副肾动脉和早期分支最为常见。认识到这些变异对于肾脏移植的安全手术规划和最佳结果至关重要。虽然本研究利用CT血管造影来描绘这些血管模式，但重要的是采用准确可靠的成像评估——CTA是其中一个有价值的选择——以指导术前评估并降低手术风险。
不适用（这是一项观察性研究）。
