New earthworm species of Glossoscolex Leuckart, 1835 and Fimoscolex Michaelsen, 1900 (Clitellata: Glossoscolecidae) from southeastern Brazil.

Ten new species of earthworms (Crassiclitellata: Glossoscolecidae), belonging to the genera Glossoscolex and Fimoscolex are described from material collected in the Atlantic Forest biome in the mountains of southeastern Brazil in the states of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais. Two of them are in Glosssoscolex, i.e., G. mariebartzae sp. nov., and G. carvalhoi sp. nov., while eight species are of Fimoscolex, i.e., F. barettai sp. nov., F. pereirai sp. nov., F. dorivali sp. nov., F. schmelzi sp. nov., F. feijooi sp. nov., F. cunhai sp. nov., F. elkeae sp. nov. and F. elodieae sp. nov. All have male pore(s) in XVII, but with different formats of the male pore region. Glossoscolex mariebartzae sp. nov. belongs to the Glossoscolex subgenus and the truncatus species group with intraclitellar male pores, while G. carvalhoi sp. nov. belongs to the subgenus Assudrilus, with a single male pore but two copulatory pouches. Some of the new species here described have modified nephridia, with bright iridescent color, apparently used for allosperm storage. We present a table with the different characteristics of the new species described, as well as the sampling data and some environmental associations.