Nguyen Nina Dieu Nhien Tran, Subratheepam Sharmila, Guleed Safia, Melchiors Kristoffer Mazanti, Olsen Anja Weinreich, Wørzner Katharina, Follmann Frank, Dietrich Jes
Statens Serum Institut, Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Copenhagen, Denmark.
NPJ Vaccines. 2025 Apr 2;10(1):65. doi: 10.1038/s41541-025-01117-w.
Chlamydia trachomatis (C.t.) is globally the most common sexually transmitted bacterium with an estimated 131 million new cases occurring every year. There is no licenced vaccine against C.t. Repeated infections are often observed in women, suggesting that natural immunity is only partially protective. It is therefore important to investigate if a vaccine given post exposure, on top of a partially protective natural immunity, can increase protection against reinfection. In mice, an infection leads to robust immunity to subsequent challenges that precludes an investigation of increased protection elicited by a post-exposure vaccine. Therefore, we developed a new animal model where the first infection only provided partial protection against reinfection. Using this model, we show that UV-SvD/CAF01 and CTH522/CAF01 as post-exposure parenteral vaccines, but not CTH522/AlOH, protected against reinfection. As CTH522/CAF01 also reduced the gross pathology score post reinfection, this suggests that CTH522/CAF01 is both protective and safe as a post-exposure vaccine.
沙眼衣原体（C.t.）是全球最常见的性传播细菌，估计每年有1.31亿新发病例。目前尚无针对C.t.的获批疫苗。女性中常观察到反复感染，这表明天然免疫仅有部分保护作用。因此，研究在部分保护性天然免疫基础上，暴露后接种疫苗是否能增强对再感染的保护作用具有重要意义。在小鼠中，一次感染会引发对后续攻击的强大免疫力，这使得无法研究暴露后疫苗所引发的增强保护作用。因此，我们开发了一种新的动物模型，首次感染仅提供部分抗再感染保护。利用该模型，我们发现，作为暴露后肠胃外疫苗，UV-SvD/CAF01和CTH522/CAF01可预防再感染，但CTH522/AlOH则不能。由于CTH522/CAF01还降低了再感染后的大体病理评分，这表明CTH522/CAF01作为暴露后疫苗既具有保护作用又安全。
