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用于导航卫星系统的混合激光与微波星间链路分配

Assignment of hybrid laser and microwave inter-satellite links for navigation satellite systems.

作者信息

Wang Nan, Sun Leyuan, Fang Yuankun, Lu Zhengkai, Ding Qiancheng, Wang Chengzhuo, Huang Wende

机构信息

College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China.

Xichang Satellite Launch Center, Haikou, 570208, China.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 3;15(1):11374. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-95869-z.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-95869-z
PMID:40175508
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11965293/
Abstract

A hybrid network comprising both laser and microwave inter-satellite links (ISLs) has been established within navigation satellite constellations. Leveraging the flexible construction of microwave links and the high ranging accuracy and communication efficiency of laser links, a collaborative link scheme was proposed. With Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP) and communication delay serving as performance indices, multi-objective optimization models for hybrid ISLs were established, incorporating complex constraints. Assignment algorithms based on Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) and the standard Genetic Algorithm (GA) were proposed. The effectiveness of the collaborative link scheme and the assignment algorithms was evaluated through simulations. The results indicated that each satellite could establish 18.4 ISLs per minute on average. The average PDOP of hybrid links for geosynchronous orbit (GEO) / inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO) and medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellites were 1.5 and 1.1, respectively. The average communication delay from overseas to anchor satellites via pure laser links was approximately 0.15 s. When some laser links were unavailable, the remaining available laser ISLs could collaborate with microwave ISLs to provide a transmission route with a maximum delay of 3.2 s. It was demonstrated that the collaborative link scheme and assignment algorithms effectively addressed the hybrid link assignment problem, considering both inter-satellite ranging and communication.

摘要

在导航卫星星座内建立了一个包含激光和微波星间链路（ISL）的混合网络。利用微波链路灵活的构建方式以及激光链路的高精度测距和通信效率，提出了一种协作链路方案。以位置精度因子（PDOP）和通信延迟作为性能指标，建立了包含复杂约束的混合ISL多目标优化模型。提出了基于非支配排序遗传算法II（NSGA-II）和标准遗传算法（GA）的分配算法。通过仿真评估了协作链路方案和分配算法的有效性。结果表明，每颗卫星平均每分钟可建立18.4条ISL。地球同步轨道（GEO）/倾斜地球同步轨道（IGSO）卫星和中地球轨道（MEO）卫星混合链路的平均PDOP分别为1.5和1.1。通过纯激光链路从海外到锚定卫星的平均通信延迟约为0.15秒。当一些激光链路不可用时，其余可用的激光ISL可与微波ISL协作，提供最大延迟为3.2秒的传输路径。结果表明，协作链路方案和分配算法有效地解决了考虑星间测距和通信的混合链路分配问题。

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