土耳其急性精神科病房精神科护士遭遇患者暴力的经历：一项定性研究。
Psychiatric nurses' experiences of patient violence on acute psychiatric units in Turkey: a qualitative study.
作者信息
Ayhan Cemile Hurrem, Aktaş Mehmet Cihad, Karan Esra
机构信息
Faculty of Health Science, Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Campus, Tusba, Van, 65030, Turkey.
Instıtute of Health Science, Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2025 Apr 2;24(1):363. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03030-y.
BACKGROUND
Previous research has found that nurses working in psychiatric clinics in an environment where patient violence is common due to patient-nurse interactions. Mental health nurses are often subjected to violent and aggressive behavior from patients. The experiences of assault have inflicted physical and psychological stress on mental health nurses, adversely impacting the quality of patient treatment. This study aims to explore psychiatric nurses' experiences with patient-related violence.
METHODS
A phenomenological descriptive design one of the qualitative methods guided this study that included 10 semi-structured interviews with a purposeful sample of 10 registered nurses who self-reported experiencing patient violence within acute care inpatient psychiatry in Turkey. The data was analyzed using inductive qualitative content analysis to create themes and categories within the research. The confirmability, transferability, credibility and consistency of the study were checked.
RESULTS
Nurses reported experiencing physical, emotional and verbal violence. Thematic analysis of interview data found five themes as well as 14 subthemes: (i) Perceived Normalization of Violence; for many nurses violence was normal, because patients are mentally sick; (ii) Contributing factors to patient violence (iii) Impact of patient violence; (iv) Ways of coping with violence; (v) Strategies to Prevent Patient Violence.
CONCLUSION
This study provides comprehensive multidimensional insights into the causes, consequences and prevention of patient violence experienced by psychiatric nurses. The descriptions of nurses' experiences of violence illustrate the severity of violence and its negative impact on nursing care. Patient violence can be minimized if psychiatric nurses receive psychological support to cope with the emotions caused by the violence, focus on and address the facility's deficiencies and are trained in therapeutic interventions.
背景
先前的研究发现，在精神科诊所工作的护士所处的环境中，由于护患互动，患者暴力行为很常见。心理健康护士经常遭受患者的暴力和攻击行为。攻击经历给心理健康护士带来了身体和心理压力，对患者治疗质量产生了不利影响。本研究旨在探讨精神科护士在患者相关暴力方面的经历。
方法
本研究采用现象学描述性设计，这是一种定性方法，包括对10名注册护士进行10次半结构化访谈，这些护士来自土耳其急性护理住院精神科，她们自我报告曾经历过患者暴力。使用归纳定性内容分析法对数据进行分析，以在研究中创建主题和类别。检查了研究的可证实性、可转移性、可信度和一致性。
结果
护士报告经历过身体、情感和言语暴力。对访谈数据的主题分析发现了五个主题以及14个子主题：（i）暴力的感知常态化；对许多护士来说，暴力是正常的，因为患者患有精神疾病；（ii）患者暴力的促成因素；（iii）患者暴力的影响；（iv）应对暴力的方式；（v）预防患者暴力的策略。
结论
本研究对精神科护士所经历的患者暴力的原因、后果和预防提供了全面的多维度见解。护士暴力经历的描述说明了暴力的严重性及其对护理的负面影响。如果精神科护士获得心理支持以应对暴力引发的情绪，关注并解决机构的缺陷，并接受治疗干预方面的培训，患者暴力可以降至最低。
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