Tenorio Alexander, Produturi Gautam R, Faraji Farhoud, de Cos Víctor, McCann Carson P, Gosman Amanda A, Hom David B, Doucet Jay J, Costantini Todd W, Khalessi Alexander A, Ciacci Joseph D
Department of Neurosurgery University of California San Diego California USA.
School of Medicine University of California San Diego California USA.
Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol. 2025 Apr 2;10(2):e70129. doi: 10.1002/lio2.70129. eCollection 2025 Apr.
The recent United States (US)-Mexico border wall height extension has been associated with greater migrant neurological and musculoskeletal morbidity after falls. However, the impact on facial trauma has yet to be characterized.
In this retrospective cohort study, patients presenting to the UC San Diego Health Trauma Center for border wall fall-related injuries between 2016 and 2021 were included. Patients were compared based on the presence of facial fractures and whether their injuries were before the height extension (2016-2018) or after (2020-2021). Demographics, clinical characteristics, concurrent injuries, and hospital charges were compared. Due to low counts of facial fractures, temporal groups were compared with Zero-Inflated Poisson (ZIP) regressions.
A total of 383 patients met inclusion criteria, with 9 patients (78% male) sustaining facial fractures and 374 patients (76% male) who did not. Patients with facial fractures were younger (26 [IQR 22-27] vs. 30 years [IQR 24-39], = 0.047), had a greater concurrence of traumatic brain injuries (22% vs. 3.2%, = 0.039), and longer ICU length of stay (5 [IQR 2-4] vs. 3 days [IQR 4-14], = 0.034). The post-height extension cohort had an increased rate of facial fractures (0.34 vs. 0.03 per month), multi-facial-unit fractures (50% vs. 0%), and facial injuries requiring operative intervention (38% vs. 0%).
Facial fractures present with greater morbidity, and the recent border wall height extension is associated with an increased risk for facial trauma. In addition to the physical trauma, facial trauma is known to harbor enduring psychological repercussions. Altogether, these injury and resource burdens pose multifaceted concerns regarding international border infrastructure.
美国与墨西哥边境墙近期增高后，移民跌倒后神经和肌肉骨骼疾病发病率增加。然而，其对面部创伤的影响尚未明确。
在这项回顾性队列研究中，纳入了2016年至2021年期间因边境墙跌倒相关损伤到加州大学圣地亚哥分校健康创伤中心就诊的患者。根据是否存在面部骨折以及损伤发生在边境墙增高前（2016 - 2018年）还是之后（2020 - 2021年）对患者进行比较。比较了人口统计学、临床特征、并发损伤和住院费用。由于面部骨折病例数较少，采用零膨胀泊松回归比较不同时间段的情况。
共有383例患者符合纳入标准，其中9例（78%为男性）发生面部骨折，374例（76%为男性）未发生面部骨折。发生面部骨折的患者更年轻（26岁[四分位间距22 - 27岁]对30岁[四分位间距24 - 39岁]，P = 0.047），创伤性脑损伤并发率更高（22%对3.2%，P = 0.039），重症监护病房住院时间更长（5天[四分位间距2 - 4天]对3天[四分位间距4 - 14天]，P = 0.034）。边境墙增高后队列的面部骨折发生率增加（每月0.34例对0.03例）、多面部单元骨折发生率增加（50%对0%）以及需要手术干预的面部损伤发生率增加（38%对0%）。
面部骨折的发病率更高，近期边境墙增高与面部创伤风险增加有关。除了身体创伤外，面部创伤还会带来持久的心理影响。总之，这些损伤和资源负担引发了对国际边境基础设施多方面的担忧。
3级。
