Nayohan Sandi, Erina Komura, Matamura Masaya, Nishikawa Yoshimasa, Barwani Didier Kichochi, Matsui Hiroki, Kondo Makoto
Department of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan.
Anim Sci J. 2025 Jan-Dec;96(1):e70053. doi: 10.1111/asj.70053.
This study evaluated nutritional content, gelatinisation rate and rumen fermentation of 13 starch-rich food by-products compared with grain feeds. Using in vitro rumen gas production rates over 24 h, feeds were classified into five clusters. Cluster 1 (corn grits) showed lower rumen fermentability due to low gelatinised starch. Cluster 2 included steam-flaked corn and barley, brown rice tea and barley tea. Cluster 3 (granola, pancake, bread crust, crepe wrapper) exhibited the highest initial gas production rate (p < 0.01), with high sugar and moderate starch. Cluster 4 (ice-cream cone, spring roll wrapper) showed the highest middle-phase gas production rate (p < 0.01), with high gelatinised starch and low sugar. Cluster 5 (ramen, rice cracker, dumpling wrapper, thin wheat noodle) showed slow initial fermentation, accelerating significantly in middle phase. While Clusters 4 and 5 showed the highest organic acid production over 24 h, Cluster 5 had less lactate accumulation in initial and middle phases and a smaller pH decrease compared with Clusters 3 and 4. By-products in Clusters 3, 4 and 5 demonstrated potential to supply more energy to ruminants compared with grain feeds but may increase the risk of ruminal acidosis due to rapid fermentation and subsequent pH reduction.
本研究评估了13种富含淀粉的食品副产品与谷物饲料相比的营养成分、糊化率和瘤胃发酵情况。利用24小时的体外瘤胃产气率，将饲料分为五个类别。类别1（玉米糁）由于糊化淀粉含量低，瘤胃发酵性较低。类别2包括蒸汽压片玉米和大麦、糙米茶和大麦茶。类别3（格兰诺拉麦片、煎饼、面包皮、可丽饼皮）的初始产气率最高（p < 0.01），糖分高且淀粉含量适中。类别4（甜筒、春卷皮）的中期产气率最高（p < 0.01），糊化淀粉含量高且糖分低。类别5（拉面、米果、饺子皮、细麦面条）初始发酵缓慢，在中期显著加速。虽然类别4和类别5在24小时内的有机酸产量最高，但与类别3和类别4相比，类别5在初始和中期的乳酸积累较少，pH值下降幅度较小。与谷物饲料相比，类别3、4和5中的副产品显示出为反刍动物提供更多能量的潜力，但由于快速发酵和随后的pH值降低，可能会增加瘤胃酸中毒的风险。
