Soucek David J, Dorman Rebecca A, Steevens Jeffery A, Yargeau Viviane, Pineda Marco, Bennett Erin R, Metcalfe Christopher D
U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, MO, United States.
Faculty of Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2025 May 1;44(5):1369-1377. doi: 10.1093/etojnl/vgaf062.
Our analysis of water samples collected during a rain event from two urban rivers in the Greater Toronto area, Ontario, Canada, indicated that selected transformation products (TPs) of the tire antioxidant, N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD), including 6PPD-quinone (6PPDQ) and 4-hydroxydiphenylamine (4-HDPA), were present at concentrations >1 µg/L. In acute (96-hr) toxicity tests with aquatic larvae of the mayfly Neocloeon triangulifer, 6PPDQ did not cause mortalities at the highest test concentration, which was just below the limit of solubility. In toxicity tests with 4-HDPA, a calculated 96-hr median lethal concentration of 339 µg/L is above environmentally relevant concentrations. However, in toxicity tests with 6PPD, there was evidence that the degradation of this tire wear compound produced unknown TPs that caused mortalities in exposed mayfly larvae. Additional work could identify other TPs of 6PPD that could be a hazard to aquatic invertebrates exposed to tire wear compounds transported into surface waters from transportation corridors.
我们对加拿大安大略省大多伦多地区两条城市河流在降雨事件期间采集的水样进行的分析表明，轮胎抗氧化剂N-(1,3-二甲基丁基)-N'-苯基对苯二胺（6PPD）的选定转化产物（TPs），包括6PPD-醌（6PPDQ）和4-羟基二苯胺（4-HDPA），其浓度>1 μg/L。在对三角新蜉水生幼虫进行的急性（96小时）毒性试验中，6PPDQ在最高试验浓度下未导致死亡，该浓度略低于溶解度极限。在对4-HDPA的毒性试验中，计算得出的96小时半数致死浓度为339 μg/L，高于环境相关浓度。然而，在对6PPD的毒性试验中，有证据表明这种轮胎磨损化合物的降解产生了未知的TPs，这些TPs导致暴露的蜉蝣幼虫死亡。进一步的研究可以确定6PPD的其他TPs，这些TPs可能会对从交通走廊进入地表水的轮胎磨损化合物所暴露的水生无脊椎动物构成危害。
